大学英语四级710分考试真题演练

出版时间：2009-3  出版社：华东理工大学出版社  作者：吴斐 编  页数：168  

内容概要

　　听力理解部分测试学生获取口头信息的能力。录音材料用标准的英式或美式英语朗读，语速约为每分钟130词。听力部分分值比例为35%，其中对话占15%，短文占20%。考试时间35分钟。　　对话部分（Listening conversations）包括短对话和长对话，均采用多项选择题的形式进行考核。短对话约有7-8段，每段为一轮对话和一个问题；长对话有两段，每段为5-8轮对话和3-4个问题；对话部分共15题。每段对话均朗读一遍，每个问题后留有15秒的答题时间。

章节摘录

　　Dangers to Sea Life　　Plastic bags are now amongst the top 12 items of wastes most often found along the coastlines. Animals and sea creatures are hurt and killed every day by discarded plastic bags —— a dead turtle with a plastic bag hanging from its mouth isnt a pleasant sight but mistaking plastic bags for food is commonplace amongst marine animals. Plastic blocks their intestines （肠道 ） and leads to slow starvation. Others become entangled in plastic bags and drown.　　Because plastic bags take hundreds of years to break down, every year our seas become "home" to more and more bags that find their way there through our sewers and waterways. Every bag thats washed down a drain during rainfall ends up in the sea; every bag thats flushed down a toilet ends up in the sea; every bag thats blown into a river will most likely end up in the sea. One disquieting fact stemming from this is that plastic bags can become serial killers. Once an animal dies of plastic bags, it decays at a much faster rate than the bag. Once the animal has decomposed, the bag is released back into the environment more or less intact, ready to be eaten by another misguided organism. The incredibly slow rate of decay of plastic bags also means that each bag we use compounds the problem, because the bags simply accumulate.　　Pollution Taxes & Bans　　Different countries have adopted a range of approaches to discourage the use of plastic bags in an attempt to cut down on the number of bags finding their way into the environment. In South Africa for instance, where an estimated eight billion plastic bags are used annually, the government has implemented new regulations that will see only thicker, more durable plastic bags produced. As well as making them more suitable for reuse, it is hoped that the extra cost associated with their production and supply will prevent retailers giving the higher quality bags away, making their use a more expensive option for consumers.　　The use of plastic bags is being discouraged in other places such as Singapore and Taiwan, while the tax imposed on the use of plastic shopping bags in Ireland has resulted in the use of plastic shopping bags being reduced by 90％ in just six months. Prior to the 15 euro cent per bag tax, it was estimated that 1.2 million plastic shopping bags were being handed out in Ireland per year. The money raised from the tax will be used to fund environmental initiatives.

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