英语阅读技巧与实践

出版时间：2008-2  出版社：湖南师范大学出版社  作者：吴丁娥 编  页数：262  

前言

　　阅读对于学习语言的重要性是不言而喻的。古人有言，“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”，指的就是阅读对掌握语言、提高写作能力所起的作用。另一说“读万卷书，行万里路”，也包含着类似的意思。至于“青灯黄卷”、“寒窗苦读”，则除了倡导发愤学习，还说明了对大量阅读的重视。　　语言学习是相通的。大量阅读对掌握外语也同样重要。阅读有助于培养语感。对一种语言的感受，是建立在对该语言的频繁接触上的。对在母语环境里的外语学习者来说，可以说没有大量阅读就不可能产生对所学外语的语感，而没有语感，则只能得语言之皮毛。大量阅读也有助于增加语汇和表达方式，无论是本国语还是外语，我们所掌握的用以书面传递思想的词汇和句法，大多是通过阅读得来的，书读得越多，掌握的表达方式也越多，表达能力也越强。阅读对写作所起的作用更为直接。通常，写不好的根本原因，除了思想贫乏、逻辑混乱等内在智力因素外，主要还应归结于读得太少，没有从阅读别人的文章中学得自己写作所需的语汇和表达方式。阅读还能丰富我们的文化知识，培根就认定“读书使人充实”，而掌握有关国家的文化背景知识，对外语学习者来说尤为重要。一篇域外的文章，一部外国的小说，都会向我们展示一个新的世界，都有助于我们对其语言的了解和领悟。阅读对学习外语的重要性是怎么强调也不会过分的。　　如果把英语学习中的阅读分为精读和泛读两类的话，那么现时人们的注意力往往过多地置于精读，而忽略了泛读。精读不能说不重要，古人也有“熟读唐诗三百首，不会吟诗也会吟”之类强调精读之说。问题在于我们大多着眼于试验田式的小块文章上的精耕细作’’（不厌其烦地释义，反反复复地解释语法，不无炫耀地解析词汇等等），而把“大量阅读”放在极其次要的地位。虽然设有泛读课，但大多泛读不“泛”，阅读量极其有限，说到底不过是精读的变种。尽管对一小篇课文的研读可以把文中的词汇与句式搞得滚瓜烂熟，对英语学习也有所帮助。

内容概要

　　《英语阅读技巧与实践》是为高等学校英语专业学生编写的一套阅读（以前称为泛读）教材。全套书共7册，既可供英语专业本、专科生使用，也可供教师进修学院、函授大学和夜大的英语专业学员使用。　　本套教材依据《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》对英语阅读课程的要求编写，其编写的目的是：教给学生阅读理论和技巧，培养他们细致观察语言的能力和假设判断、推理验证等逻辑思维能力；培养他们阅读的兴趣，使他们在较短的时间里尽快扩大词汇量和知识面，提高思想和文化素养，从而提高阅读水平和能力，通过阅读更快更好地获取世界上各国有用的政治、经济、文化和科技等方面的信息，为我国的改革开放和社会主义建设服务。

书籍目录

　　PASSAGE 1 Your Job May Be Next!　　PASSAGE 2 Hitch-hikers　　PASSAGE 3 Coping with Crisis　　PASSAGE 4 Get Ready for a Digitalized Future　　PASSAGE 5 Leave to Enter　　PASSAGE 6 The Ozone　　PASSAGE 7 Back to Nature　　PASSAGE 8 First Lady of the Seeing Eye　　PASSAGE 9 Robots　　PASSAGE 10 The Heart　　PASSAGE 11 Counterfeiters Cash in on Reject Chips　　PASSAGE 12 Rice Harvesting with Uncle Lansana　　PASSAGE 13 Socrates　　PASSAGE 14 Salt　　PASSAGE 15 Pioneers in Space　　PASSAGE 16 Aging in the Western Tradition:Cultural Origins of the Modern Life Course　　PASSAGE 17 Planned Cities　　PASSAGE 18 Louis Armstrong--a Jazz Immortal　　PASSAGE 19 Tokyo Goes Underground　　PASSAGE 20 The Disney World　　PASSAGE 21 The Midnight Visitor　　PASSAGE 22 The Plant Wizard　　PASSAGE 23 Roof Work　　PASSAGE 24 Benjamin Franklin　　PASSAGE 25 Ants Are Smarter Than We Think　　PASSAGE 26 Taming the Elephant　　PASSAGE 27 Pockety Women Unite?　　PASSAGE 28 Chinese Americans　　PASSAGE 29 Some Benefits of Large Families in India　　PASSAGE 30 Man and Insects　　PASSAGE 31 Two Major Political Parties in America 　　PASSAGE 32 Discovery by Accident　　PASSAGE 33 When Marriage Is a Crime　　PASSAGE 34 Characteristic Features of English　　PASSAGE 35 Imports and Exports　　PASSAGE 36 International Transfer of Money　　PASSAGE 37 The Haunted Spacesuit　　PASSAGE 38 A Killer Is Born　　PASSAGE 39 Clone Technology　　PASSAGE 40 Microbes， Infection and Disease　　APPENDIX Vocabulary

章节摘录

　　PAssAGE 1　　Your Job May Be Next!　　[1]The mood in the conference room was light and festive．It was just twoweeks before Christmas 2002 and many of the 300 or so Dell employees weregetting set for the holidays and year-end vacation time as they gathered at Dell'Scampus in Austin，Texas，for a"town hall"meeting．They were ill prepared for themessage that senior vice president Jeff Clarke was about to deliver．Meetings ofthis sort were usually big on awards，recognition，and introductions of newproducts and proj ect teams．And despite the market drubbing of tech stocks ingeneral，Dell had posted another-ban-ner year in sales balance，Mr Clarke noted．Then came the bad news．The company was announcing new personnel"-attri-tion goals"of 1 0 percent per year，about double the normal attrition rate．These positions would not be filled in the United States，Clarke explained．They would be filled by new hires in India，China，and other countries where Dell is shifting business．　　[2]Audible gasps came from the employee audience，a hi-tech-assem-blage of Dell software engineers，electrical engineers，test engineers，group managers，and administrative talents．A Dell employee who attended the meeting told The NewAmerican："A definite pall came over the crowd．It did not make for a happy Christmas．　　[3]Although Clarke'S announcement came as a shock，there had been hints of an impending axe-fall．In 2000，Dell had announced the launching of its China Design Centre in the People'S Republic of China(PRC)．A steady trickle of Chinese engineers，proj ect planners，and managers had been brought to Dell'S Austin campus for training，and some US Dell employees had made the trek toChina for four-to-six-month stints to train Chinese personnel there．Around theDell headquarters in Austin，employees had begun wryly referring to the"Chineseinvasion"as"training our replacements．"Few expected that the replacing would start SO soon．　　[4]Dell'S new China Design Centre in Shanghai joins similar research and design centres in China，Russia and India built by Microsoft，Motorola，Boeing，General Electric，and other corporate titans．The hi-tech centres are a distinctly new development，in contrast to the huge number of foreign manufacturing plants--especially in Mexico and China built by US companies over the pastcouple of decades．These early rounds of"globalization"cost millions of US jobs，but various experts assured US that this should not concern US because these were blue collar"rust belt"j obs．Old technology，they claimed．Manufacturing is pass6 and development--these would be the clean，high-paying jobs that would keepAmerica on top．　　[5]　But guess what?After years of stripmining America'S industrial base，US corporate-61i t-ists and their political allies in Washington，DC，Beij ing，Mexico，Moscow，and elsewhere are nOW looking to dispense with upscale white collar jobsas well．College graduates who obtained degrees in computer science andengineering are finding themselves replaced by Third World counterparts willingto work for 20～50 percent less pay．In corporate globalese this replacementprocess is euphemistically called"outsourcing"．Adding insult to injury。many ofthe replacement foreign workers received tax-subsidized education in USuniversities　　.[6]　According to Business Week：In a recent PowerPoint presentation，MicrosoftCorp．Senior Vice-President Brian Valentine--the No．2 executive in thecompany'S Windows unit--urged managers to"pick something to move offshoretoday．"In India，said the briefing，you can get"quality work at 50％to 60％of thecost．That'S tWO heads for the price of one．　　"[7]Business Week offered this forecast：Now，all kinds of knowledge work canbe done almost anywhere．"You will see an explosion of work going overseas．"says Forrester Research Inc．analyst J ohn McCarthy．He goes SO far as to predictat least 3．3 million white-collar jobs and$136 billion in wages will shift from theUSA to lOW-cost countries by 2015．　(about 660 words)　　Exercises　　I．Tick off the best choice according to the information given in this passage．　　1．AIl the following words can be used tO describe the mood of the Dell'S employees in the conference room at the beginning Except　　A．joyfulB．gloomyC．gratifying D．1ight-hearted　　2．The message delivered by senior vice president．　　A．brought happiness to everyone in the conference room　　B．made all the employees in the conference room very satisfied　　C．caused a great cheer among the employees in the conference room　　D．was entirely beyond expectation of the employees in the conference room　　3．The purpose of the“town hall"meetings held at Dell’S campus used to include all the following contents but 　　A．analyze the situation of stock market　　B．award prizes to the excellent employees　　C．give recognition to those who made great achievements．　　D．made the introduction of new products and project teams　　4．Though Dell did quite well in sales，growth，and profits last year，the new “attrition goals”this year has been 　　A．the sameB．doubledC．tripledD．reduced　　5．The news of 10 percent of attrition rate was a great to a11 the employees at the meeting．　　A．joyB．wonderC．shockD．crash　　6．With the shift of its business，Dell has launched itsin 2000．　　A．China Design CentreB．China Training Centre　　C．China Personnel CentreD．China Proj ect Centre　　7．Many Dell’S employees considered training Chinese personnel in Austin as “Chinese invasion”because 　　A．they envy anyone who can do better than them　　B．they don’t want to be outworked by Chinese employees

编辑推荐

　　1.根据《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》编写，具有可靠性；2.以阅读技巧为主线，编排合理，具有独创性；3.从事实性阅读、评判性阅读、报刊阅读到鉴赏性阅读，循序渐进，具有科学性；4.体裁多样，题材广泛，具有可读性；5.选材精粹，课堂实用，具有操作性；6.题型丰富，练习适量，具有针对性。