词汇飞跃现象研究

出版时间：2012-3  出版社：曾涛 湖南大学出版社 (2012-03出版)  作者：曾涛  页数：259  
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内容概要

　　《词汇飞跃现象研究：两名长沙儿童的早期词汇与语义发展》通过描绘两名儿童在词汇飞跃时期表现出的系列语言发展特征，探究儿童早期词汇和语义的发展规律，同时，探索词汇飞跃背后的习得机制，对命名洞察力的现实性进行了深入考察，以期在一定程度上揭示词汇飞跃现象的本质。

作者简介

曾涛，女，湖南大学外国语与国际教育学院英语专业教师，副教授，硕士生导师。广东外语外贸大学与香港中文大学联合培养博士，美国麻省理工学院博士后，国际中国语言学学会会员，中国心理语言学专业委员会理事，香港理工大学访问学者。主要研究方向：语言习得、特殊语言障碍、心理语言学、外语教学。主持国家社科基金项目1项、国家社科基金项目子项目1项、教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目1项、湖南省社科基金项目1项及多项校级课题。参与国家级、部省级以及香港合作基金项目6项。参编教材7部，在《现代外语》《当代语言学》等期刊上发表论文20余篇，其中人大复印资料全文转载2篇，1篇被《中国社会科学文摘》转载主要观点。

书籍目录

List of AbbreviationsChapter 1 Introduction: Word Spurt in Early Lexical and Semantic Development 1.1 Word Spurt and Its Cognitive Significance 1.2 Scope of the Present Study 1.3 Theoretical and Methodological Considerations 1.4 Key Research Questions 1.5 Contents of the Remaining ChaptersChapter 2 Two Theories of Word Learning 2.1 The Nativist Theory of Word Learning 2.2 The Usage-based Theory of Word Learning 2.3 An Assessment of the Two Theories of L1 Word Learning 2.4 Implications of Word Learning Theories for the Study of Word Spurt, Overextension and Basic-level Words 2.5 SummaryChapter 3 The Analyses of Word Spurt: Methods and Hypotheses 3.1 Evidence for Word Spurt 3.2 Methods for Identifying Word Spurt 3.3 Word Spurt and the Onset of Two-word Stage 3.4 Word Spurt and Categorization Capabilities 3.5 Hypotheses About Mechanisms Underlying Word Spurt 3.6 SummaryChapter 4 Word Spurt in Early Lexical and Semantic Development--Longitudinal Findings from Two Mandarin Speaking Children 4.1 Early Lexical Development 4.2 Early Semantic Development 4.3 SummaryChapter 5 The Nature of Word Spurt--Empirical Evidence for Naming Insight 5.1 The Concept of Naming Insight 5.2 Ascertaining Naming Insight from Responses to Questions and Spontaneous Naming 5.3 Findings from Children's Responses to Questions and Spontaneous Naming 5.4 Naming Insight and Word Spurt 5.5 SummaryChapter 6 General Conclusions and Discussion 6.1 Summary of Major Findings 6.2 The Nature of Word Spurt: Generalization and a Proposed Model 6.3 Implications of the Findings 6.4 Early Vocabulary Acquisition and Learning Mechanisms  6.5 Limitations of the Study 6.6 Suggestions for Further StudyAppendix 1 LSY's Newly-acquired Vocabulary Growth (Week)Appendix 2 LSY's Rate of Newly-acquired Vocabulary GrowthAppendix 3 AJR's Newly-acquired Vocabulary Growth (Week)Appendix 4 AJR's Rate of Newly-acquired Vocabulary GrowthAppendix 5 LSY's Responses to "What'*QuestionsAppendix 6 AJR's Responses to "What" QuestionsAppendix 7 LSY's Responses to "Where" QuestionsAppendix 8 AJR's Responses to "Where" QuestionsAppendix 9 LSY's Early Lexical Production (SPON vs IMIT)Appendix 10 AJR's Early Lexical Production (SPON vs IMIT)Appendix 11 LSY's Word CombinationsAppendix 12 AJR's Word CombinationsAppendix 13 Transcription LSY010509Appendix 14 Transcription LSY010412Appendix 15 Transcription LSY010509Appendix 16 Transcription LSY010628 (Sample of Word Combinations)Appendix 17 LSY's First Eight Acquired Object NamesAppendix 18 LSY's Development of the Word MamaAppendix 19 AJR's Development of the Word AppleAppendix 20 AJR's Development of the Word MamaAppendix 21 List of LSY's First 20 Common Nouns of High Frequency froml;3 to 1;11Appendix 22 List of AJR's First 20 Common Nouns of High Frequency from 1;2 to 1;11Appendix 23 LSY's Developmental Pattern of Noun Hierarchies from 1;3;14 to 1;11;29Appendix 24 AJR's Developmental Pattern of Noun Hierarchies from 1;2;22 to 1;11;21Appendix 25 LSY's Percentage of Basic-level Nouns in Overextended WordsAppendix 26 AJR's Percentage of Basic-level Nouns in Overextended WordsReferences

章节摘录

版权页：   插图：   This lexical spurt carries special cognitive significance.Chomsky(2002) claims that lexical explosion(namely,the ability to handle a large number of lexical items)is a cognitive capacity that is part of the biological endowment of  species and is thought to be unique to humans.Other researchers propose that word spurt should be linked to the appearance of the naming insight essential for grasping denotation(Dore,1976;Kamhi,1986;McShane,1980)and the entry into the two-word stage(Goldfield and Reznick,1990;Fenson et al., 1994;Dromi,1987／1996).According to Goldfield and Reznick(1996), vocabulary spurt marks a qualitative change in the nature of language.With some critical mass of words in the lexicon,the child can generalize the wordreferent relationship to include all manner of entities,qualities,and events, linking words and word meanings into a semantic system. While word spurt has been documented in a number of longitudinal and cross-sectional studies,and its cognitive significance has also been examined,the reality of word spurt and its links to cognitive and early language development has been critically reassessed in recent years.  On methodological grounds,scholars have disputed whether one can establish a lexical spurt quantitatively in terms of the rate of acquisition of new words(Bloom,2000; Ganger and Brent,2004).On cognitive grounds,researchers have challenged the reality of the naming insight,arguing for a gradual transition from contextbound prelexical forms to fully denotational words(Carter,1979;Bates, Camaioni,and Volterra,1979;Nelson and Lucariello,1985;Vihman and McCune,1994).Connecting the word spurt with the onset of syntax can also be questioned if one sees syntax as available to the child in the one-word stage (McNeill,1970)or that predicate-argument structures are already present in gesture-word combinations(Ozcaliskan and Goldin-Meadow,2005). In Mandarin Chinese,few studies have been conducted on children's early lexical acquisition,except for one indirect research carried out by Tardif etc. (2008).They reported on the construction and norming of parent report instruments for typically-developing Mandarin-and Cantonese-speaking children between eight and 30 months of age,based on MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories.In addition,their manual provides the information that users need to apply and interpret these procedures. However,the work by Tardif etc.(2008)does not give enough information to explore the nature of lexical spurt,although word spurt is counted as an important stage in children's language development by many studies.  The present research intends to describe a series of characteristics of early lexical and semantic development around the time of word spurt in an effort to explore the mechanism underlying word spurt,especially the reality of the naming insight essential for grasping denotation.Additionally,this study sets out to  clarify  some  methodological  issues  concerning the  study  of  early vocabulary development,in particular,those relevant to the study of lexical acquisition of Mandarin-speaking children.

编辑推荐

《词汇飞跃现象研究:两名长沙儿童的早期词汇与语义发展》（作者曾涛）是“湖南大学青年社科学者文库”系列之一，书中通过描绘两名儿童在词汇飞跃时期表现出的系列语言发展特征，探究儿童早期词汇和语义的发展规律，同时，探索词汇飞跃背后的习得机制，对命名洞察力的现实性进行了深入考察，以期在一定程度上揭示词汇飞跃现象的本质。《词汇飞跃现象研究:两名长沙儿童的早期词汇与语义发展》适合从事相关研究工作的人员参考阅读。