结构式的演化

出版时间：2010-4  出版社：厦门大学出版社  作者：程丽霞  页数：250  字数：250000  
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前言

　　共时层面的语言现象是语言历时演化的产物。作为一种研究方法，语法化为历时比较和语言间的比较提供了新的思路与视角。作者指出，英、汉第一人称认识性插入语的演化呈现一定程度的规律性：它们经过转喻化、隐喻化、主观化、交互主观化及引发性推理等过程，由原来的内容义发展为内容义和程序义并存直至最后的程序义。重新分析、类推和语言接触是结构式句法变化的主要机制。重新分析使其内部结构关系发生变化，最终导致规则的改变。类推改变的是表层形式，与规则的扩散有关。语言接触使得一种语言结构受另一语言的影响而导致语用规则发生嬗变。　　语法研究的最终目标是对语言现象做出解释和预测。语言现象是有理据的，这一理据受倾向性原则的支配。找到规约背后的理据并对规约做出解释，也是完成了预测。作者发现，英汉第一人称认识性插入语的演化路径同样存在于其他语法范畴的演化进程中，如情态动词、话语标记等的语法化。作者指出，形式语言学所探求的语言共性可以在历时演化中找到解释。很多语言现象都有一个历时的维度，而非形成于一朝一夕。探索共时层面下历时变化的普遍机制不仅可以解释共时层面的语言现象，还可以预测将来的语言面貌。　　语言比较研究绝大多数集中在语言内部或语言间的共时比较层面，而语言间的历时比较在国内研究较少。作者对第一人称认识性插入语的历时研究发现，语言在共时层面上显现的共性或个性往往是历时作用的结果，语言间的历时比较既可以探索语言间的共性和共同的变化机制以及规律性原则，又可以为共时层面的差异寻找合理的解释。

内容概要

本书是厦门大学英汉语言文化博士文库中的一本。该书尝试对结构式的演化进行语法化的推测与假设。同时，还尝试将认知语言学和语用学所关注的传信义和认识义区分开来。     本书选题新颖，逻辑清晰，具有较强的学科前沿性和较高的理论价值。

书籍目录

Introduction  0.1  The term FPEP  0.2  Problems and aims  0.3  Assumptions and methods  0.4  Evidence and conventions  0.5  Summary and outline of this bookChapter 1  The Theoretical Framework  1.1  Introduction  1.2  Meaning and grammar  1.3  Mechanisms of historical change  1.4  Grammatiealization and diachronie comparison  1.5  SummaryChapter 2  Prior and Current Work on FPEPs and Grammaticalization  2.1  Introduction  2.2  Studies on grammaticalization  2.3  Backgrounds of the study on FPEPs  2.4  Major contemporary issues  2.5  SummaryChapter 3  The Development of FP + MSV Epistemic Parentheticals  3.1  Introduction  3.2  FP + MSV epistemie parentheticals in PDE & MdMand/97  3.3  The development of FP + MSV EPs in English  3.4  The development of FP + MSV EPs in Chinese  3.5  SummaryChapter 4  The Development of FP + SAV Epistemic Parentheticals  4.1  Introduction  4.2  Speech act verbs and performative verbs  4.3  FP + SAV epistemic parentheticals in PDE & MdMand/  4.4  The development of FP + SAV EPs in English  4.5  The development of FP + SAV EPs in Chinese  4.6  SummaryChapter 5  The Development of FP + SPV Epistemic Parentheticals  5.1  Introduction  5.2  FP + SPV epistemic parentheticals in PDE & MdMand  5.3  The development of FP + SPV EPs in English  5.4  The development of FP + SAV EPs in Chinese  5.5  SummaryChapter 6  Comparison: Diaehronie Universals and Diaehronie Typology  6.1  Introduction  6.2  Diachronic comparison : granmaaticalization of FPEPs  6.3  Synchronic comparison: FPEPs in the two languages and three sources  6.4  Diachronic universals and diachronic typology  6.5  SummaryConclusionAppendicesBibliographyAcknowledgements

章节摘录

　　The emptiness of Quadrant III is partly due to the difficulty inhandling the comparative study between languages over such a long timeas hundreds or thousands years. It needs a theoretical framework tocover the stages of development. The grammaticalization theory seemsto fit well in this field of study， but it has not been widely used in thediachronic comparison between languages. So this book tends to addsomething to Quadrant III by conducting a diachronic comparative studyof FPEPs between English and Chinese， to fred the universalmechanisms of change and explore the reasons for the similarities anddifferences presenting on the synchronic level.　　On the basis of the similarities and differences between the twolanguages in a historical perspective， a diachronic typology betweenEnglish and Chinese will also be proposed here. This is an attempt toexplore the deep mechanisms for the synchronic similarities anddifferences between the two languages. There are two main reasons forproposing such a study of diachronic typology. First is the diachronyitself. Language change is a universal and essential feature of humanlanguage， and by studying the general laws of language change， scholarscan explore much more about human language. Secondly， diachronictypology helps to understand synchronic language states better. Alllanguages are constantly in a process of change， in a kind of flux， andmany features that do not fit neatly into a synchronic system begin tomake sense once a diachronic point of view is taken. This applies bothto recent innovations and to remnants of earlier regularities that are nolonger synchronically motivated. Language can carry such synchronicirregularities for many generations， and if the goal of linguistic study isthe　explanation　of　linguistic　structures，　then　the　diachronicconsiderations must be taken into account.

用户评论 (总计1条)

•   内容很切合我要找的范围，只是英文版的，只能慢慢读啊。为什么不出个中文版啊！