出版时间:2008-1 出版社:外语教学与研究出版社 作者:剑桥大学出版社 编 页数:2744
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前言
Welcome to the second edition of the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary. English is constantly evolving with new words coming into the language all the time. It is hard to believe that words like ‘website’‘text messaging’or‘reality TV’were unknown to most people just a few years ago, when now they are in common use. Dictionaries have to keep up with this change, and this edition contains a wealth of new vocabulary. Of course, a lot of it comes from the world of computers and the Internet (e.g.blog, whiteboard, graphics card), but many other areas are represented (e.g. speed dating, superbug, hoody). 欢迎使用《剑桥高阶英语学习词典》的第二版。英语不断地发展演变,每时每刻都有新词成为其中的一员。很难相信,诸如website, text messaging和reality TV之类现已广泛使用的词汇,就在几年前还鲜为人知。词典必须跟上这些变化,本版便收录了大量的新词。当然,其中很多新词来自计算机和因特网领域(例如blog, whiteboard, graphics card),但也有不少来自其他领域(例如speed dating, superbug, hoody)。One of the most important tools we have for tracking both British and American English words is the Cambridge International Corpus, a collection of over 600 million words of written and spoken (transcribed) language from a huge variety of sources. The corpus is the evidence which underpins everything we say about words in our dictionaries. We also make great use of the Cambridge Learner Corpus which includes exam scripts from Cambridge ESOL exams. The usage notes in this dictionary are based on information from that corpus. 我们用来追踪英美两国英语词汇的重要工具之一是“剑桥国际语料库”。该语料库从浩繁多样的资料中选取了包含6亿多词汇的书面及口语(转写)语料,是我们在编纂词典中对词语所作的一切解释说明的依据所在。我们也充分利用了“剑桥学习者语料库”,该语料库包含剑桥ESOL(English for Speakers of Other Languages)考试中心的考卷。本词典中的用法说明即以该语料库为依据。Of course, new editions are not only about new words. We are constantly in touch with teachers and students from all over the world to see how we can improve our dictionaries. 当然,新版本绝不仅限于收录新词。我们始终与世界各地的师生保持联系,以使我们的词典日臻完善。A major feature of this edition is the introduction of the Frequency Information system.It is special because it shows the relative importance not only of words but also of their meanings, and of individual phrases. To create this system, researchers used data from our corpus. They extracted all the high-frequency words and then coded examples of them to work out the frequency of their different meanings. 引入词频信息系统是本版词典的一大特点。其重要意义在于,它不仅显示了词语的相对重要性,还显示了各义项以及每个短语的相对重要性。为了开发这个系统,研究人员使用了我们语料库中的语料。他们从中选出了所有的高频词语,然后对各词语的例证进行编码,从而计算出不同义项的使用频率。The Frequency Information is not just a number-crunching exercise though. On the overwhelming recommendation of teachers and academic advisers, the frequency results were adapted to the needs of learners of English. So, for instance, basic grammar vocabulary which is rare in everyday English is included because it is vital for students. 但是,这些词频信息并非只是单纯的数字运算。在老师和学术顾问的极力推荐之下,我们对词频信息统计结果进行了调整,以满足英语学习者的各种需求。例如,本词典收入了日常英语中很少使用的基本语法词汇,因为这些词汇对学生们来说极为有用。The resulting system gives students a clear guide to the most important words and meanings to learn 最终生成的词频系统清晰地告诉学生们学习哪些词汇、哪些义项才是最重要的:Meanings marked are words which everyone needs to know in order to communicate effectively. They are either extremely common (usually over 400 occurrences per 10 million corpus words), or they express core concepts (e.g. asleep). There are about 4900 of these meanings. 标有E(Essential 基础词汇)的义项是每个人为达到有效交流的目的必须掌握的词语。它们要么极为常用(在语料库中一般每千万词出现400次以上),要么表示核心概念(例如asleep)。这类义项约有4900个。Meanings marked are also common in native speaker English (typically between 200~400 occurrences per 10m corpus words). Like Essential, this band can include less common words which express useful concepts. There are about 3300 of these meanings. 标有I(Improver 中级词汇)的义项在母语为英语的人群中也很常用(在语料库中一般每千万词出现200~400次)。和基础词汇一样,中级词汇包括一些表示有用概念的不太常用的词汇。这类义项约有3300个。Meanings marked typically occur around 100~200 times per 10 million corpus words, which is still highly significant. Advanced students should aim to be confident with these to make their English more fluent and natural. There are about 3700 of these meanings. 标有A(Advanced 高级词汇)的义项在语料库中一般每千万词约出现100~200次,这类词也非常重要。高级水平的学生对这类词应该努力做到运用自如,以使自己的英语更加流畅自然。这类义项约有3700个。Something else new in this edition is the 400 boxes giving concise collocation information for common words. Knowing how to put a word in context is vital for fluent English, and these boxes supplement the 25 000 collocations shown in heavy type in the example sentences. 本版词典的新颖之处还有:它为常用词汇设置了400个简明的搭配信息框。英语要达到流利程度,知道如何将一个词置于语境中至关重要。这些搭配信息框就是对例句中以粗体字显示的25,000个搭配的有益补充。I hope you will enjoy using the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary. You can look at this and our other dictionaries online at dictionary.cambridge.org, and also use the website to send us your comments or suggestions for the next edition! 衷心希望大家乐于使用这部《剑桥高阶英语学习词典》。您可以登录dictionary.cambridge.org在线查阅本词典以及我们的其他词典,同时也可通过本网站将评论或对下一版的建议发送给我们!Elizabeth Walter伊丽莎白•沃尔特April 20052005年4月
内容概要
Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary(Second Edition)是凝聚着剑桥创新精神的一部高端精品,外语教学与研究出版社推出的是它的双解版,书名定为《剑桥高阶英汉双解词典》,它收录词目及短语170 000余条,覆盖面广,集学习词典、搭配词典、习语词典、考试词典于一身,是中高级英语学习者及雅思、BEC考生的理想工具书。 收词广泛全面:共收录词目、短语170,000余条,增收新词1000余条 突出词语搭配:例证中醒目呈现25,000余条词语搭配,另提供400余处搭配专栏 习语丰富实用:近6000条习语助力英语学习;附录特设“习语索引”,查找一步到位 精选短语动词:约3000条短语动词,丰富表达,考试必备 剖析常见错误:设200余处“学习者常见错误”及40项“用法说明”专栏,详解典型错误 提供词频标注:重点词汇按使用频率分为三级,一目了然,方便重点掌握 例证典型地道:90,000余条例证均取自“剑桥国际语料库”,权威地道,真实自然
书籍目录
Grammar codes and abbreviations 语法标签与缩写Introduction 前言How to use the dictionary 本词典使用说明Numbers that are used as words 数字词汇The dictionary 词典正文 Colour pictures 彩色插页Study Sections 学习章节 Work and jobs 工作与职业 Money 金钱 Periods of time 时间段 Relationships 关系 Telephoning 打电话 Sounds and smells 声音与气味 Computers, text messages, email 计算机、手机短信、电子邮件 Relative clauses 关系从句 Phrasal verbs 短语动词 Determiners 限定词 Modal verbs 情态动词 Homographs 同形词 Homophones 同音词 Letter writing 信函写作 Regular inflections 规则屈折变化 Punctuation 标点符号 Varieties of English 英语变体 Idiom finder 习语索引 Word families 词族Geographical names 地理名称Common first names 常见人名Prefixes and suffixes 前缀和后缀Irregular verbs 不规则动词Regular verb tenses 规则动词时态Symbols 符号Units of measurement 度量衡单位Pronunciation 发音Pronunciation symbols 音标符号
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