语法学

出版时间：2012-5  出版社：上海外语教育出版社  作者：Michael Swan  页数：129  
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内容概要

人们在对语言的特定细节进行剖析之前，应该对语言整体有个大致的了解。作为语言学研究方向的学生进行深入研究之前的热身阅读，《牛津语言学入门丛书》的主旨是为人们理解那些学术性强的语言学专著奠定理论基础。因为这套丛书浅显易懂，对那些感兴趣却并非专门从事语言研究的人进一步了解语言也大有裨益。斯沃所著的《语法学》为其中一册。

书籍目录

Preface
Author's Introduction
  SECTION I
  Survey
1 What is grammar?
  What is grammar for?
  Language without grammar
  Problems
  Solving the problems
2  From simplicity to complexity: word classes and structures
  Word classes
  Code and message: from words to phrases
  Clauses
  Subjects and objects
  Mood
  Analysing phrases and clauses
  Clauses iide clauses
  The units of language
3  Grammar In the world's languages
  Word classes
  Structural types
  Morphological complexity
  Agreement
  Meanings
  Why is everything so complicated ?
4  Grammar and vocabulary
  How different are grammar and vocabulary?
  The grammar of words
  On the frontier
  Language in use: chunking
  A continuum
5  Grammar In spoken and written text
  Speech and writing
  Building phrases, clauses, and utterances
  Reference and context
  'Given' and 'new': information flow and topic-maintenance
  Text structuring
  Face
  Formal and informal language
  Special kinds of text
6  Grammar and language change
  1,ooo yea of change in English
  Mechanisms of change
  Analogy
  Phonetic erosion
  Grammaticalization
  Speed of change
  How did it all start?
7  Grammar in society: 'correctness' and standardization
  Language under attack
  What do we mean by 'incorrect'?
  Mistakes
  Variation
  Dialect forms
  Alternative usage
  Authorities: descriptive and prescriptive rules
  Problems with prescriptive rules
  Ripples on the ocean
  The desire for standardization
  The price of standardization
8  Grammar In the head
  Investigating language
  From outside to iide
  Learnability and univeal grammar
  Problems with the innatist view
  Usage-based associative learning
  Modularity: grammar in the brain
  SECTION 2
  Readings
  SECTION 3
  References
  SECTION 4
  Glossary
  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS