同声传译中的推理与预期

出版时间：2011-1  出版社：上海外语教育出版社  作者：切尔诺夫　主编，张爱玲　导读  页数：266  
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内容概要

　　本书首先从心理语言学的角度对同声传译的研究进行了解析，并得出了结论：同声传译是一种独特的极限认知条件下的人类语言活动，受制于短期的记忆。然后作者又从语义学和语用学角度分析了语篇各个层面的冗余信息的产生，并提出了“同传的概率预期模型”。《同声传译中的推理与预期》提供了一个全面、综合、跨学科的方法来描述同传的工作机制，用科学的方法对同声传译以及同传议员等相关议题进行了诠释。

作者简介

G.V.切尔诺夫曾任俄罗斯驻联合国的首席口译员，1991年起任莫斯科国际口译学院(MIIS)院长，1995年起任莫斯科国立语言学院口译理论、历史及实践研究教授。

书籍目录

Editors' critical foreword　Foreword　Abbreviations and symbolsCHAPTER 1 The psycholinguistic approach to SI research　1.SI and the linguistic theory of translation　2.The methodological basis of a psycholinguistic approach to SI　3.The object of SI psycholinguistic researchCHAPTER 2 Speed, memory and simultaneity: Speech processing under unusual constraints　4.Simultaneity in SI　5.Time constraints　6.Externally controlled pace of activity　7.Recited texts vs.improvised discourseCHAPTER 3 The semantic and pragmatic structure of discourse　8.Word meaning　9.Polysemy and synonymy in discourse　10.Componential analysis of meaning　11.Semantic agreement: A combinatory law of discourse　12.Semantic redundancy in discourse　13.Semantic redundancy in discourse: An exampleCHapTER 4 Semantic structure and objective semantic redundancy　14.The concept of sense　15.Theme of communication, object of an utterance, and foregrounding　16.The semantic structure of discourse and its basic components　17.Semantic structure as the object and product of SICHAPTER 5 Communicative context and subjective redundancy　18.Implicit sense and inference　19.Linguistic inference　20.Cognitive inference　21.Situational inference　22.Pragmatic inference　23.The communicative situation of simultaneous interpretation　24.Discourse equivalent　25.Interdependence of situation and semantic structure in inferencing　26.Situational factors in comprehension: An illustrationCHAPTER 6 A probability anticipation model for SI　27.The principle of anticipatory reflection of reality　28.Message development probability anticipation　29.Multilevel redundancy and probability anticilSation　30.Cumulative dynamic analysis (CDA) and the range of probability anticipation　31.Towards the internal programme for the TL utteranceCHAPTER 7 Theme and compression　32.The thematic (referential) component of discourse in SI　33.Redundancy in Spanish public speaking　34.Types of speech compression in SICHAPTER 8 Rheme and information density　35.Perception by information density peaks　36.Loss of information due to a missed rheme　37.Strong rheme, weak rheme, chain of referents　38.The dominant evaluative rheme in a political discourse　39.Rendering the evaluative component in SICHAPTER 9 Syntax and communicative word order　40.The internal programme for the TL utterance: Whole or broken?　41.Word order and communicative syntax　42.Syntactic complexity, logical sequence and working memory　43.Short and extended predicatesCHAPTER 10 SI and Anokhin's theory of activity　44.SI as a functional system　45.Probability anticipation as a multilevel mechanism　46.Self-monitoring or feedback　47.The efficiency of the SI communicative act and the SI invariantCHAPTER 11 Anticipation and Sh An experimentCHAPTER 12 ConclusionNotesReferencesTRANSCRIPTSAppendix A　Buenos Aires corpus - UN, 1978, Experiment in Remote InterpretingAppendix B　United Nations General Assembly sessionsAppendix C　Texts with two types of test items used as input in an SI probability anticipation experiment (Chernov 1978)Name indexSubject index

章节摘录

　　In addition，the act of speaking requires US to make physiological pauses to breathe in enough air for phonation．One would be tempted to assume that a pause for breath in speech would coincide with either a syntactic or hesitation pause，or both．Fodor，Bever and Garrett（1 974）found that in fluent speech breathing tends to occur at syntactic boundaries；and that it does not coincide With hesitation pauses in non-fluent speech．The researchers explain these findings by the integration of respiration with sentence-planning， in a well-planned speech respiration patterns are also appropriately positioned．　　As Dejean le Ftal has shown，a prepared speech recited by a speaker at the rostrum is segmented quite differently from adfib or improvised defivery．In her French-to-German SI corpus，chunk length between pauses in the recited speech was usually seven words or more，rising to a maximum of 23 words，as compared to less than seven words and a maximum of nine in improvised speech．This created the impression of an abnormally high rate of speaking during recited speech when objectively there was no significant difference in delivery rates between reading and spontaneous speech as measured in wpm．

用户评论 (总计8条)

•   有很强的专业性，不适合作教参，可用于口译教师自我提升。
•   外教社这批新近国外引进的书，非常棒！
•   难度较大些，硕士研读，需要花些时间啃啃~
•   专业书籍，除了有点贵外，其它还好吧
•   读了robin setton的论文,才意识到这本书有多强大...于是立即买
•   不能简单的用好字来评价了！非常棒！
•   翻译系列的必备书，属于高级系列。
•   貌似还可以，希望还可以，不错发现里面的例子用的俄语。不懂俄语的朋友，要考虑一下，呵呵。