汉英对比语言学

出版时间：2011-10  出版社：外语教学与研究出版社  作者：陈德彰  页数：354  
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内容概要

　　本书选取对翻译实践造成困难的汉英语言差异为主题，对汉英两种语言进行了详细的对比分析，内容涉及词汇、语义、句法和语用等领域，既可作为英语专业高年级及研究生阶段语言学、翻译方向教材，亦可供翻译自学者参考。《汉英对比语言学》具有以下主要特点：
　　视角新颖，突显作者多年研究的独特见解；强调实用性，通过大量例证说明两种语言的差异，使学习者在两种语言之间进行转换时更加自如；兼顾理论性，分析造成两种语言差异的原因，加深学习者的理解；选取大量最新语言表达方式，说明两种语言的特点和最新发展，新颖有趣；练习设置形式多样，趣味性强，鼓励学习者积极观察和思考。

书籍目录

Chapter 1 Language and Thinking
　1.1 Introduction
　　1.1.1 Definition of language
　　1.1.2 Characteristics of language
　1.2 Comparison of English and Chinese
　　1.2.1 Reason for contrastive studies between English and
Chinese
　　1.2.2 Apreliminary comparison
Chapter 2 Words and Characters
　2.1 English letters and Chinese characters
　2.2 Development of Chinese characters
　2.3 The relation between Chinese characters and words
　2.4 Motivation of words
　2.5 Meaning of words
　2.6 Word as a unit
Chapter 3 Primal Words and Secondary Words
　3.1 Introduction
　3.2 Formation of secondary words
　　3.2.1 Combining
　　3.2.2 Examples of a special type of derivation
　　3.2.3 Compounding
　3.3 Shortening
　　3.3.1 Acronym
　　3.3.2 Blending
　　3.3.3 Clipping
　　3.3.4 Shortening of Chinese words
　3.4 Other means of new word formation
　　3.4.1 Conversion
　　3.4.2 Borrowing
　3.5 Analogy
Chapter 4 Intonation and Tone
　4.1 Intonation
　4.2 Syllable
　4.3 Sound effect of poems
Chapter 5 Conception and Nomenclature
　5.1 Lexical disparity
　5.2 Lexeme gap
　　5.2.1 Different motivations behind nomenclature
　　5.2.2 Different ways of grouping things
　　5.2.3 Differences among synonyms
　　5.2.4 Things unique to a culture
　5.3 Semantic gap
　　5.3.1 Different reference meanings
　　5.3.2 Different extended meanings
　　5.3.3 Different directions of meanings
　5.4 Usage Gaps
　　5.4.1 Transitivity
　　5.4.2 Differences caused by word formation
　　5.4.3 Differences caused by flexible usage--conversion
　　5.4.4 Differences caused by different grammatical meaningsbetween
corresponding words
Chapter 6 Abstraction and Concretion
　6.1 Abstraction and abstract meaning
　6.2 杯 as an example
　6.3 Further abstraction
　6.4 Abstraction and sentence structure
　6.5 Concretization of abstract nouns
Chapter 7 Stativeness and Dynamicity
　7.1 Introduction
　7.2 The verb
　　7.2.1 Functions of verbs
　　7.2.2 Classification of verbs
　　7.2.3 Morphological changes of English verbs
　　7.2.4 The use of verbs in the sentences
　7.3 Verbalization of nouns
　7.4 Action or motion implied in other parts of speech
　　7.4.1 The noun
　　7.4.2 Other parts of speech
　7.5 At the syntactic level
Chapter 8 Overtness and Covertness
　8.1 Markers
　8.2 Parts of speech and their function in the sentence
　8.3 The article
　8.4 Marker of the plural
　8.5 Chinese auxiliaries 的, 地, and 得
　　8.5.1 的
　　8.5.2 地
　　8.5.3 得
　8.6 The passive
　8.7 Punctuation marks
Chapter 9 Rigidity and Flexibility
　9.1 General difference between Chinese and English grammar
　9.2 Definition of the sentence
　9.3 Classification of sentences
　　9.3.1 Some special Chinese sentence patterns
　9.4 Elements of the sentence
　　9.4.1 The subject
　　9.4.2 Relation between the verb and its object
　9.5 Word order
　　9.5.1 Adverbials
　　9.5.2 Relative clauses
　　9.5.3 Inversion
　9.6 Parataxis and hypotaxis
　　9.6.1 Connectives
Chapter 10 Objectivity and Subjectivity
　10.1 Language and subject
　10.2 Daily usage of the language
　10.3 Subjective and objective standards
　10.4 Depiction of mental activities in English
　10.5 The passive voice
　10.6 Animated and inanimate subjects
　10.7 Different levels of objectivity
Bibliography
Recommended Readings

编辑推荐

　　近年来，国内出版了许多关于汉英比较／对比的书和教材，很多都以语法为主线，比如先从词汇层面对英汉语的不同词类进行比较，然后进到句子层面比较两种语言的句子结构。此类书是必要的，但是没有深入讨论为什么汉英两种语言有这么多不同之处，也没有分析造成这些不同的原因。另一方面，有些书就某些具体的语言点展开比较详尽的讨论，例如某个特殊的句型、句子的某个成分等，有相当的理论深度，但是这类书有不少是博士论文，在实践方面对一般学习翻译的学生帮助不大。《高等学校英语专业系列教材：汉英对比语言学》意在填补上述两种书之间的空缺，成为一本合适的教材。