方剂学基础

出版时间：2002-6  出版社：华夏出版社  作者：刘公望 编  页数：471  

前言

　　The basic content of this Clinical Essentials of Contemporary Series Chinese Medine initiallycame from my lecture notes on Traditional Chinese Medicine prepared for Gero Missoni, an Aus-trian physician, and other doctors in 1989. The notes were supplemented during the next twoyears when I lectured at the Toulouse University in France. Later, this material was enhancedand became especially valuable when I began to work with the Goto College of Medical Arts andSciences in Japan in 1996 to train postgraduate students in a master s degree course in TCM.Since then, the material has been continually revised in my annuallectures in Japan and has grad-ually been put into book form and translated into Japanese and English.　 This series consists of three books: the Chinese Herbal Medicine, Fundamentals of Formulasof Chinese Medicine and Clinical Chinese Medicine. They are not alike the basic textbooks ofTCM nor the general books of clinical treatment. The aim of compiling this series is to integratethe knowledge of the ancient and the present, emphasize the main points, use succinct languageand retain the essence and depth of TCM simply and easily. When reading, the readers may movefrom one subject to the other and from the rudimentary to the advanced to guide their clinicalpractice. This series is designed mainly for clinical physicians and foreign scholars who have someunderstanding of TCM.　 The Fundamentals of Formulas of Chinese Medicine includes two volumes. Volume One ismainly comprised of representative or classic prescriptions and those that are of guiding signifi-cance in the establishment of therapy and designing of formulas. Volume Two mainly consists ofthe famous prescriptions handed down from physicians in the successive dynasties. Besides, it alsoincludes the kanpo created by the Japanese physicians. Thus, Volume One may be regarded asthe basis of formula-ology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Volume Two as the elaboration ofit.　 There are ten chapters altogether in Volume One, which includes the formulas for six channelsyndromes of exogenous febrile disease and those for syndromes of Weifen, Qifen, Yingfen andXuefen in epidemic febrile diseases. These are placed first as the formulas for six channel syn-dromes of exogenous febrile diseases designed by Zhang Zhongjing, a famous physician in the HanDynasty who was honored by later physicians as the father of classic formulas. When they are in-tegrated with the formulas for syndrome of Weifen, Qifen, Yingfen and Xuefen in epidemic dis-eases, a general idea can be easily given in the treatment of febrile diseases. The other formulasare sorted out according to the theory of five zang-organs of the heart, liver, spleen, lung andkidney. In addition, formulas for women diseases, external diseases and other diseases are alsoembodied in it. By doing so, it is hoped that readers can gain a thorough understanding of theprescriptions through mastery of basic theory and therapy of TCM. The contents of these tenchapters are indispensable knowledge in learning the formulas of TCM.

内容概要

　　The basic content of this Clinical Essentials of Contemporary Series Chinese Medine initiallycame from my lecture notes on Traditional Chinese Medicine prepared for Gero Missoni， an Aus-trian physician， and other doctors in 1989. The notes were supplemented during the next twoyears when I lectured at the Toulouse University in France. Later， this material was enhancedand became especially valuable when I began to work with the Goto College of Medical Arts andSciences in Japan in 1996 to train postgraduate students in a master s degree course in TCM.

书籍目录

General IntroductionThe Relationship Between Formulas and Treatment1. The Eight Therapeutic Methods in Designing Formulas2. The Sixty-Four Therapeutic Methods in Designing FormulasDesigning of a Formula——Monarch, Minister, Adjuvant and DispatcherAlteration of a Formula——Modification of a Formula1. Modification of Herbs2. Modification of Dose3. Modification of Preparation FormsAppendixI. Preparations of Formulas1. Decoction2. Powder3. Pill or Bolus4. Extract, Ointment and Plaster5. Pellet6. Medicated Wine7. Medicated Tea8. Distillate9. Lozenge and Medicated Cakes10. Medicated Roll （Paper Roll）11. Medicated Thread12. Moxa-Preparation13. Syrup14. Tablet15. Infusion16. InjectionII. Methods of Decocting Herbs1. Utensils for Decocting Herbs2. Methods of Decocting herbs3. Special Methods of Decocting HerbsIII. Methods for Administration1. Methods of Oral Administration2．Methods of External ApplicationChapter OneFormulas for the Treatment of the Six Channel Syndromes of ExogenousFebrile Diseases1．Ephedra Decoction（麻黄汤，ma huang tang）2．Cassia Twig Decoction（桂枝汤，gui zhi tang）3．Ephedra,．Apricot，Licorice and Gypsum Decoction（麻杏甘石汤，ma xing gan shi tang）4．White Tiger Decoction（白虎汤，bai hu tang）5．Major Purgative Decoction（大承气汤，da cheng qi tang）6．Minor Bupleurum Decoction（小柴胡汤，xiao thai hu tang）7．Middle-Regulating Decoction（理中汤，li zhong tang）8．Cold Limbs Decoction（四逆汤，si ni tang）9．Divine Black Bird Decoction（真武汤，zhen wll tang）10．Black Plum Pill（乌梅丸，wu mei Wan）Additional FormulasPueraria Decoction（葛根汤，ge gen tang）Pueraria，Scutellaria and Coptis Decoction（葛根黄芩黄连汤，ge gen huang qin huang lian tang）Ephedra，Aconite and Asarum Decoction（麻黄附子细辛汤,ma huang fu zi xi xing tang）Poria Powder with Five Herbs（五苓散，wu ling san）UmbeHate Pore Decoction（猪苓汤，zhu ling tang）_Tuckahoe，Cassia Twig，Largehead Atraetylodes and Licorice Decoction（苓桂术甘汤，ling gui zhu gan tang）Minor Blue Dragon Decoction（小青龙汤,xiao qing long tang）Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction（竹叶石膏汤，zhu ye shi gao tang）Major Bupleurum Decoction（大柴胡汤，da chai hu tang）-_Major Middle-Strengthening Decoction（大建中汤，da jJan zhong tang）Evodia Fruit Decoction（吴茱萸汤，wu zhu yu tang）Pinellia Heart-Purging Decoction（半夏泻心汤，ban xia xie xin tang）Minor Middle-Strengthening Decoction（小建中汤，xiao jJan zhong tahg）Coptis and Ass-Hide Glue Decoction（黄连阿胶汤，huang lian e jiao tang）Chapter TwoFormulas for the Treatment of the Syndromes of Weifen，Qifen，Ylngfen and Xuefen in Epidemic Febrile Diseases1．Honeysuckle and Forsythia Powder（银翘散，yin qiao san）2．Mulberry and Chrysanthemum Decoction（桑菊饮，sang jU yin）3．Yingfen-Clearing Decoction（清营汤，qing ying tang）4．Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction（犀角地黄汤，xi jiao di huang tang）5．Anti-Pyretic and Anti-toxic Decoction（清瘟败毒饮，qing wen bai du yin）6．Wrinkled Gianthyssop Health-Restoring Powder（藿香正气散，huo xiang zheng qi san）7．Summer Heat-Clearing and Qi-Replenishing Decoction（清暑益气汤，qing shu yi qi tang）8．Body Fluid．Increasing Decoction（增液汤，zeng ye tang）9．Major Wind．Stopping Decoction（大定风珠，da ding feng zhu）_l10．Sweet Wormwood and Turtle Shell Decoction（青蒿鳖甲汤，qing hao bie jia tang）Additional Formulas···································Mulberry and Apricot Decoction（桑杏汤，sang xing tang)¨Elscholtzia Powder（香薷散，xing ru san）Deep-Reaching Decoction（达原饮，da yuan yin）Coptis and Officinal Magnolia Decoction（连朴饮，lian pu yin）Three Kinds of Kemels Decoction（三仁汤，san ren tang）Sweet，Dew Detoxieation Pill（甘露消毒丹，gan lu xiao du dan）Sweet Wormwood and Scutellaria Gallbladder-Clearing Decoction（蒿芩清胆汤，hao qin qing dan tang）Everyone’S Detoxicating Decoction（普济消毒饮，pu ji xiao du yin）Large-Leaf Gentian and Turtle Shell Powder（秦艽鳖甲散，qin jiao bie jia san）Chapter ThreeFormulas for the Treatment of the Lung Diseases1．Two Vintage Herbs Decoction（二陈汤，er chen tang）2．White-Purging Powder（泻白散，xie bai san）3．Minor Chest．Congestion Decoction（小陷胸汤，xiao xian xiong tang）4．Thousand Gold Reed Stem Decoction（千金苇茎汤，qian jin wei jing tang）5．Pepperweed Seed and Chinese Date Lung-Purging Decoction（葶苈大枣泻肺汤，ting li da za0 xie fei tang）6．Dryness-Removing and Lung-Rescuing Decoction（清燥救肺汤，qing zao jiu fei tang）7．Yin-Nourishing and Lung-Clearing Decoction（养阴清肺汤，yang yin qing fei tang）8．Lung-Invigorating Decoction（补肺汤，bu fei tang）9．Ginseng and Giant Gecko Powder（参蛤散，shen ge san）10．Glehnia and Ophiopogon Decoction（沙参麦冬汤，sha shen mai dong tang）Additional FormulasGinseng and PefiUa Decoction（参苏饮，shen SU yin）Seven Herbs Decoction Including Fistular Onion（葱白七味饮，cong bai qi wei yin），Thorowax and Kudzuvine Decoction for Relieving MusclesJade Screen Powder（玉屏风散，yu ping feng san）Perilla Seed Qi-Lowering Decoction（苏子降气汤，SU zi jiang qi tang）Asthma-Stopping Decoction（定喘汤，ding chuan tang）Qi-Clearing and Phiegm-ResoMng Pill（清气化痰丸，qing qi hua tan wan）Jade Extract（琼玉膏qiong yu gao）Tuckahoe，Licorice，Magnoliavine，Ginger，Asamm Herb，Pinellia andApricot Seed Decoction（苓甘五味加姜辛半夏杏子汤，ling gan wu weijla jlang xin ban xia xing zi tang）Tuckahoe，Apricot Seed and Licorice Decoction（茯苓杏仁甘草汤，fu ling xing ren gan CaO tang）Tangerine Peel，Immature Bitter Orange and Ginger Decoction（橘枳姜汤，jU zhi jiang tang）Balloonflower Root Decoction（桔梗汤，ju geng tang）Chapter FourFormulas for the Treatment of the Heart Diseases1．Fire-Inducing Powder（导赤散，dao chi san）2．Cape Jasmine and Prepared Soybean Decoction（栀子豉汤，zhi zi chi tang）3．Roasted Licorice Decoction（炙甘草汤，zhi gan cao tang）4．Pill for Balancing the H~art and Kidney（交泰丸，jiao tai wan）5．Triehosanthes，Maerostem Onion and Liquor Decoction（瓜蒌薤白白酒汤，gua lou xie bai bai jiu tang）6．Lily and Anemarrhena Decoction（百合知母汤，bai he zhi mu tang）7．Chinese Angelica Cold Limbs Decoction（当归四逆汤，dang gui si ni tang）8．Wild Jujube Seed Decocti6n（酸枣仁汤，suan za0 ren tang）9．Cinnabar Mind-Tranquilizing Pill（朱砂安神丸，zhu sha an shen wan）10．Heaven King Heart-Nourishing Pellet（天王补心丹，tian wang bu xin dan）……

章节摘录

　　Formula is a combination of certain herbs. Its constitution is the proper selection of herbs in thelight of formula-designing principle rather than a random collection of herbs. The design of a for-mula must be based on therapy. It is known that "the determination of formulas depends on estab-lishment of therapy". Establishment of therapy is the theoretic basis for designing a formula. Theformula, in turn, gives a concrete expression to the establishment of therapy, which is the keylink for the determination of treatment based on differentiation of syndromes in TCM.　 In ancient times, for the application of formulas, there existed eight therapeutic methods whichincluded diaphoresis, emesis, purgation, mediation, warming, heat-reducing, tonification and e-limination （or resolving）. However, in the clinic, since diseases were complicated and volatile, itwas inconvenient to treat the various diseases with these eight therapeutic methods. In order toadapt to the varied and complicated diseases, people, in the course of medical practice, have grad-ually visualized and detailed the eight therapeutic methods. In this book, 64 types of therapieshave been drawn and classified out of the eight therapeutic methods.　 Today, the formulas passed down from ancient times number over severn ten thousand. Andthe number of the formulas recorded only in Prescriptions for Universal ReliefinMing Dynasty reaches as high as twenty thousand, of which over 300 formulas are the requiredcontents of the study of forrnula-ology for the students. These are recorded in Treatise on Exoge-nous Febrile Diseasesand Synopsis of the Golden Chambe, which arehonored by later physicians as the "father of the formula books."　 In the clinic, the application of formulas is not immutable. It should be appropriately modifiedaccording to the different condition, institution and age of the patients.