出版时间:2009-5 出版社:世界图书出版公司 作者:亚当·斯密 页数:710
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前言
世界文学名著表现了作者描述的特定时代的文化。阅读这些名著可以领略著者流畅的文笔、逼真的描述、详细的刻画,让读者如同置身当时的历史文化之中。为此,我们将这套精心编辑的“名著典藏”奉献给广大读者。 我们找来了专门研究西方历史、西方文化的专家学者,请教了专业的翻译人员,精心挑选了这些可以代表西方文学的著作,并听取了一些国外专门研究文学的朋友的建议,不删节、不做任何人为改动,严格按照原著的风格,提供原汁原味的西方名著,让读者能享受纯正的英文名著。 随着阅读的展开,你会发现自己的英语水平无形中有了大幅提高,并且对西方历史文化的了解也日益深入广阔。 送您一套经典,让您受益永远!
内容概要
这是一部彻底改变了劳动与财富观念的书。在促成我们现代生活方式的诸多因素中,《国富论》可媲美任何一本重要的现代典籍。《国富论》与《圣经》《资本论》同为人类不朽的智慧宝典。 从国富的基础——劳动,到促进劳动生产力提高的手段——分工,再到因分工而出现的交换,以及交换的媒介——货币,再到商品的价格,以及构成价格的基本成分——工资、地租和利润。《国富论》总结了近代各国资本主义的发展经验,批判地吸纳了它之前的重要经济理论,对国民经济的运行过程作了系统的整体描述,是现代经济学的集大成之作。本书为英文版。
书籍目录
INTRODUCTION AND PLAN OF THE WORKBOOK Ⅰ Of the Causes of Improvement in the Productive Powers of Labour, and of the Order According to Which its Produce is Naturally Distributed among the Different Ranks of the People CHAPTER Ⅰ OF THE DIⅥSION OF LABOUR CHAPTER Ⅱ OF THE PRINCIPLE WHICH GIVES OCCASION TO THE DIⅥSION OF LABOUR CHAPTER Ⅲ THAT THE DIⅥSION OF LABOUR IS LIMITED BY THE EXTENT OF THE MARKET CHAPTER Ⅳ OF THE ORIGIN AND USE OF MONEY CHAPTER Ⅴ OF THE REAL AND NOMINAL PRICE OF COMMODITIES, OR OF THEIR PRICE IN LABOUR, AND THEIR PRICE IN MONEY CHAPTER Ⅵ OF THE COMPONENT PART OF THE PRICE OF COMMODITIES CHAPTER Ⅶ OF THE NATURAL AND MARKET PRICE OF COMMODITIES CHAPTER Ⅷ OF THE WAGES OF LABOUR CHAPTER Ⅳ OF THE PROFITS OF STOCK CHAPTER Ⅹ OF WAGES AND PROFIT IN THE DIFFERENT EMPLOYMENTS OF LABOUR AND STOCK PART Ⅰ. Inequalities arising from the Nature of the Employments themselves.. PART Ⅱ. Inequalities occasioned by the Policy of Europe CHAPTER Ⅺ OF THE RENT OF LAND PART Ⅰ.Of the Produce of Land which always affords Rent PART Ⅱ. Of the Produce of Land, which sometimes does, and sometimes does not afford Rent PART Ⅲ. Ofthe variations in the Proportion between the respective Values of that sort of Produce which always affords Rent, and of that which sometimes does, and sometimes does not, afford Rent Digression concerning the Variations in the value of Silver during the Course of the Four last Centuries. First Period Second Period Third Period Variations in the Proportion between the respective Values of Gold and Silver Grounds of the suspicion that the Value of Silver still continues to decrease Different Effects of the Progress of Improvement upon three different sorts of rude Produce First Sort Second sort Third Sort Conclusion of the Digression concerning the Variations in the Value of Silver Effects of the Progress of Improvement upon the real Price of Manufactures Conclusion of the ChapterBOOK Ⅱ Of the Nature, Accumulation, and Employment of Stock INTRODUCTION CHAPTER Ⅰ OF THE DIⅥSION OF STOCK CHAPTER Ⅱ OF MONEY, CONSIDERED AS A PARTICULAR BRANCH OF THE GENERAL STOCK OF THE SOCIETY, OR OF THE EXPENSE OF MAINTAINING THE NATIONAL CAPITAL CHAPTER Ⅲ OF THE ACCUMULATION OF CAPITAL, OR OF PRODUCTIVE AND UNPRODUCTIVE LABOUR CHAPTER Ⅳ OF STOCK LENT AT INTEREST CHAPTER Ⅴ OF THE DIFFERENT EMPLOYMENTS OF CAPITALSBOOK Ⅲ Of the different Progress of Opulence in different Nations CHAPTER Ⅰ OF THE NATURAL PROGRESS OF OPULENCE CHAPTER Ⅱ OF THE DISCOURAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN THE ANCIENT STATE OF EUROPE, AFTER THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE CHAPTER Ⅲ OF THE RISE AND PROGRESS OF CITIES AND TOWNS, AFTER THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE CHAPTER Ⅳ HOW THE COMMERCE OF TOWNS CONTRIBUTED TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE COUNTRYBOOK Ⅳ ……BOOK ⅤAPPENDIX
章节摘录
As it is the nominal or money price of goods, therefore, which finally determinesthe prudence or imprudence of all purchases and sales, and thereby regulates almostthe whole business of common life in which price is concerned, we cannot wonderthat it should have been so much more attended to than the real price.In such a work as this, however, it may sometimes be of use to compare thedifferent real values of a particular commodity at different times and places, or thedifferent degrees of power over the labour of other people which it may, upondifferent occasions, have given to those who possessed it. We must in this casecompare, not so much the different quantities of silver for which it was commonlysold, as the different quantities or labour which those different quantities of silvercould have purchased. But the current prices of labour, at distant times and places,can scarce ever be known with any degree of exactness. Those of corn, though theyhave in few places been regularly recorded, are in general better known, and havebeen more frequently taken notice of by historians and other writers. We mustgenerally, therefore, content ourselves with them, not as being always exactly in thesame proportion as the current prices of labour, but as being the nearestapproximation which can commonly be had to that proportion. I shall hereafter haveoccasion to make several comparisons of this kind.In the progress of industry, commercial nations have found it convenient to coinseveral different metals into money; gold for larger payments, silver for purchases ofmoderate value, and copper, or some other coarse metal, for those of still smallerconsideration, They have always, however, considered one of those metals as morepeculiarly the measure of value than any of the other two; and this preference seemsgenerally to have been given to the metal which they happen first to make use of asthe instrument of commerce. Having once begun to use it as their standard, whichthey must have done when they had no other money, they have generally continuedto do so even when the necessity was not the same.
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