雾都孤儿

出版时间：2010-7  出版社：中国对外翻译  作者：狄更斯  页数：394  
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前言

　　一部文学史是人类从童真走向成熟的发展史，是一个个文学大师用如椽巨笔记载的人类的心灵史，也是承载人类良知与情感反思的思想史。阅读这些传世的文学名著就是在阅读最鲜活生动的历史，就是在与大师们做跨越时空的思想交流与情感交流，它会使一代代的读者获得心灵的滋养与巨大的审美满足。　　中国对外翻译出版公司以中外语言学习和中外文化交流为自己的出版方向，向广大读者提供既能提升语言能力，又能滋养心灵的精神大餐是我们的一贯宗旨。尽管随着网络技术和数字出版的发展，读者获得这些作品的途径更加便捷，但是，一本本装帧精关、墨香四溢的图书仍是读书人的最爱。　　“熟读唐诗三百首，不会做诗也会吟”，汉语学习如此，外语学习尤其如此。要想彻底学好一种语言，必须有大量的阅读。这不仅可以熟能生巧地掌握其语言技能，也可了解一种语言所承载的独特文化。“中译经典文库·世界文学名著（英语原著版）”便是这样一套必将使读者受益终生的读物。

内容概要

　　《雾都孤儿》是狄更斯于1838年出版的写实小说，是他的第一部重要的社会问题小说。这部小说以雾都伦敦为背景，讲述一个孤儿悲惨的身世及遭遇：主人公奥利佛是个孤儿，从小在济贫院长大，不知父母是谁。他在济贫院中受了九年的折磨后被送到一个承办丧事的店里当学徒，在那里受到虐待。他忍无可忍，独自逃往伦敦，不幸刚到便被骗误入贼窟，这是一个专事盗窃抢劫的团伙，为首的是老犹太人费金，除了少数头目外，都是些被引入邪路的少年儿童。费金一伙用威胁、利诱、灌输等手段，要把奥利佛变成他们的作案工具。奥利佛历尽无数辛酸，几经波折，最终被他父亲生前的朋友从贼窟中救出，找到了亲人，得到了遗产，过上了幸福的生活。

作者简介

　　狄更斯Charles Dickens（1812～1870），1812年生于英国的朴次茅斯。父亲过着没有节制的生活，负债累累。年幼的狄更斯被迫被送进一家皮鞋油店当学徒，饱尝了艰辛。狄更斯16岁时，父亲因债务被关进监狱。从此，他们的生活更为悲惨。工业革命一方面带来了19世纪前期英国大都市的繁荣，另一方面又带来了庶民社会的极端贫困和对童工的残酷剥削。尖锐的社会矛盾和不公正的社会制度使狄更斯决心改变自己的生活。15岁时，狄更斯在一家律师事务所当抄写员并学习速记，此后，又在报社任新闻记者。在《记事晨报》任记者时，狄更斯开始发表一些具有讽刺和幽默内容的短剧，主要反映伦敦的生活，逐渐有了名气。他了解城市底层人民的生活和风土人情，这些都体现在他热情洋溢的笔端。此后，他在不同的杂志社任编辑、主编和发行人，其间发表了几十部长篇和短篇小说，主要作品有《雾都孤儿》、《圣诞颂歌》、《大卫·科波菲尔》和《远大前程》等。 　　狄更斯的作品大多取材于与自己的亲身经历或所见所闻相关联的事件。他在书中揭露了济贫院骇人听闻的生活制度，揭开了英国社会底层的可怕秘密，淋漓尽致地描写了社会的黑暗和罪恶。本书起笔便描写了主人公奥利弗生下来便成为孤儿，以及在济贫院度过的悲惨生活。后来，他被迫到殡仪馆做学徒，又因不堪忍受虐待而离家出走。孤身一人来到伦敦后，又落入了窃贼的手中。狄更斯在其作品中大量描写了黑暗的社会现实，对平民阶层寄予了深切的向情，并无情地批判了当时的社会制度。他在小说描写的现实性和人物的个性化方面成绩是突出的。他成为继莎士比亚之后，塑造作品人物数量最多的一个作家。

书籍目录

Chapter 1　Treats of the place where Oliver Twistwas born;and of the circumstances attending his birthChapter 2　Treats of Oliver Twists growth， education， and boardChapter 3　Relates how Oliver Twist was very near gettinga place， which would not have been a sinecureChapter 4　Oliver， being offered another place， makes hisfirst entry into public lifeChapter 5　Oliver mingles with new associates. Going toa funeral for the first time， he forms anunfavourable notion of his masters businessChapter 6　Oliver， being goaded by the taunts of Noah，rouses into action and rather astonishes himChapter 7　Oliver continues refractoryChapter 8　Oliver walks to London. He encounters on theroad， a strange sort of young gentlemanChapter 9　Containing further particulars concerning thepleasant old gentleman and his hopeful pupilsChapter l0　Oliver becomes better acquainted with thecharacters of his new associates; and purchasesexperience at a high price. Being a short butvery important chapter in this historyChapter 11　Treats of Mr. Fang， the police magistrate; andfurnishes a slight specimen of his mode ofadministering justiceChapter 12　In which Oliver is taken better care of thanhe ever was before. And in which the narrativereverts to the merry old gentleman and hisyouthful friendsChapter 13　Some new acquaintances are introduced to theintelligent reader; connected with whomvarious pleasant matters are related appertainingto this historyChapter 14　Comprising further particulars of Olivers stay atMr. Brownlows， with the remarkable predictionwhich one Mr. Grimwig uttered concerning himwhen he went out on an errandChapter 15　Showing how very fond of Oliver Twist themerry old Jew and Miss Nancy wereChapter 16　Relates what became of Oliver Twist， after hehad been claimed by NancyChapter 17　Olivers destiny， continuing unpropitious，brings a great man to London to injure his reputationChapter 18　How Oliver passed his time in the improvingsociety of his reputable friendsChapter 19　In which a notable plan is discussed anddetermined onChapter 20　Wherein Oliver is delivered over to Mr. William SikesChapter 21　The expeditionChapter 22　The burglaryChapter 23　Which contains the substance of a pleasantconversation between Mr. Bumble and a lady;and shows that even a beadle may be susceptibleon some pointsChapter 24　Treats of a very poor subject. But is a short one;and may be found of some importance in thishistoryChapter 25　Wherein this history refers to Mr. Fagin andcompanyChapter 26　In which a mysterious character appears uponthe scene; and many things， inseparable fromthis history， are done and performedChapter 27　Atones for the unpoliteness of a former chapter;which deserted a lady most unceremoniouslyChapter 28　Looks after Oliver， and proceeds with his adventuresChapter 29　Has an introductory account of the inmates ofthe house to which Oliver resortedChapter 30　Relates what Olivers new visitors thought of himChapter 31　Involves a critical positionChapter 32　Of the happy life Oliver began to lead withhis kind friendsChapter 33　Wherein the happiness of Oliver and his friendsexperiences a sudden checkChapter 34　Contains some introductory particulars relative toa young gentleman who now arrives upon thescene; and a new adventure which happened to OliverChapter 35　Containing the unsatisfactory result of Oliversadventure; and a conversation of someimportance between Harry Maylie and RoseChapter 36　Is a very short one， and may appear of no greatimportance in its place. But it should be read，notwithstanding， as a sequel to the last， and akey to one that will follow when its time arrivesChapter 37　In which the reader may perceive a contrast，not uncommon in matrimonial casesChapter 38　Containing an account of what passed betweenMr. and Mrs. Bumble， and Monks， at theirnocturnal interviewChapter 39　Introduces some respectable characters withwhom the reader is already acquainted， andshows how Monks and the Jew laid theirworthy heads togetherChapter 40　A strange interview， which is a sequel to thelast chapterChapter 41　Containing fresh discoveries， and showing thatsurprises， like misfortunes， seldom come aloneChapter 42　An old acquaintance of Olivers， exhibitingdecided marks of genius， becomes a publiccharacter in the metropolisChapter 43　Wherein is shown how the Artful Dodgergot into troubleChapter 44　The time arrives for Nancy to redeem herpledge to Rose Maylie. She failsChapter 45　Noah Claypole is employed by Fagin on asecret missionChapter 46　The appointment keptChapter 47　Fatal consequencesChapter 48　The flight of SikesChapter 49　Monks and Mr. Browniow at length meet. Theirconversation， and the intelligence that interrupt，itChapter 50　The pursuit and escapeChapter 51　Affording an explanation of more mysteriesthan one， and comprehending a proposal ofmarriage， with no word of settlement or pin-moneyChapter 52　The Jews last night aliveChapter 53　And last

章节摘录

　　For many days Oliver remained in the Jews room， picking the marks out of the pocket-handkerchiefs （of which a great number were brought home）， and sometimes taking part in the game already described， which the two boys and the Jew played regularly every morning. At length he began to languish for the fresh air， and took many occasions of earnestly entreating the old gentleman to allow him to go out to work with his two companions.　　Oliver was rendered the more anxious to be actively employed， by what he had seen of the stern morality of the old gentlemans character. Whenever the Dodger or Charley Bates came home at night empty-handed， he would expatiate with great vehemence on the misery of idle and lazy habits， and would enforce upon them the necessity of an active life by sending them supperless to bed. On one occasion， indeed， he even went so far as to knock them both down a flight of stairs; but this was carrying out his virtuous precepts to an unusual extent.　　At length one morning Oliver obtained the permission he had so eagerly sought. There had been no handkerchiefs to work upon for two or three days， and the dinners had been rather meagre. Perhaps these were the reasons for the old gentlemans giving his assent; but， whether they were or　　no， he told Oliver he might go， and placed him under the joint guardianship of Charley Bates and his friend the Dodger.　　The three boys sallied out; the Dodger with his coatsleeves tucked up， and his hat cocked， as usual; Master Bates sauntering along with his hands in his pockets; and Oliver between them， wondering where they were going， and what branch of manufacture he would be instructed in first.

编辑推荐

　　奥利佛是上流社会一个有钱人家的私生子。他年轻的母亲在教区济贫院里生下他后就辞世了。他在济贫院里过着地狱般的生活。九岁时，他被卖到棺材店做学徒。在遭受了一次毒打后，奥利佛逃往伦敦，在去伦敦的途中又误入贼窝。经历了一系列磨难之后，他身世大白，终于回到了亲人的怀抱。