钱学森文集

出版时间：2011-10  出版社：上海交通大学出版社  作者：钱学森  页数：881  
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内容概要

　　 This volume collects the scientific works of Tsien Hsue-shen
accomplished during his stay in the United States as a graduate
student, scientist and professor and published in the period of
1938-1956, when the aeronautic exploration stepped from low-speed
to high-speed regimes and astronautic technology entered its infant
stage. In these papers, he addressed and solved a series of key
problems in aerodynamics, stability of shells, rocket ballistics
and engine analyses, etc., some of which were path-breaking.
Starting from 1946, with his strategic wisdom, Tsien Hsue-shen made
pioneering contributions to some fields, such as jet propulsion,
engineering cybernetics, physical mechanics and engineering
sciences, and so on. All these works feature the unique methodology
of turning basic theories in natural science into practical tools
in tackling complicated engineering problems. It is worth noting
that he first advocated the philosophy of engineering sciences,
which has been elucidated and illustrated in the volume and proved
to be the guideline of innovative industrial development. The
collected works might benefit to its extensive readers in getting
deeper insight into the academic contributions, scientific thoughts
and studying style of Tsien from various viewpoints.

作者简介

　　钱学森，1911年12月11日出生于上海，是独生子。父亲钱均夫（名家治，后以号行）是浙江杭州一没落丝商第二子，少小就学于当时维新的杭州求是书院，曾到日本学教育和地理、历史。母亲章兰娟是当时杭州富商的女儿。钱学森的外祖父欣赏钱均夫的才华，把自己的女儿许配给他。民国成立后，钱均夫就职北京当时的教育部，钱学森在3岁时随父到了北京，上过蒙养院（幼儿园）、女师大附小、师大附小和师大附中。　　在北京师大附中时，对钱学森影响最深的几位老师是：林砺儒、王鹤清、董鲁安（于力），以及几何老师傅种孙、生物老师俞谟（俞君适）、博物老师李士博和美术老师高希舜（后来是著名国画大师）。林砺儒是校长（当时称主任），他制定了一套以启发学生智力为目标的教学方案。王鹤清是化学老师，他启发了钱学森对科学的兴趣，给他自由到化学实验室做实验的便利。董鲁安是国文老师，在课堂上常常用较长的时间讨论时事，表示厌恶北洋军阀政府，憧憬国民革命军北上（后来他去了解放区）。他的教学使钱学森产生对旧社会腐败的深切不满和对祖国前途、人民命运的无比关心。钱学森一次在图书馆借了一本讲相对论的小册子，书中第一句话提到20世纪有两位大师：一位是自然科学大师爱因斯坦，一位是社会科学大师列宁。钱学森当时对列宁这位大师还不甚了解。傅种孙那时已是师大数学讲师，在中学课堂上把道理讲得很透。钱学森后来认为，在初中三年级听傅老师的几何课，使他第一次得知什么是严谨的科学。钱学森对老师们的教诲感激不尽，他后来说：“我若能为国家为人民做点事，皆与老师教育不可分！”　　1929年中学毕业后，钱学森为复兴祖国，决心学工科，考入上海交通大学机械工程系。当时，交通大学专重考试分数，学期终了平均分数算到小数点以后两位，大家都为分数而奋斗。初入交大的钱学森，对这里求知空气不浓而不满，但也不甘落后，非考90分以上不可。在交大，钱学森非常感激两位倡导把严密的科学理论与工程实际结合起来的老师，一位是工程热力学教授陈石英，一位是电机工程教授钟兆琳。　　1930年暑假后期，钱学森得了伤寒病，在杭州家里卧病一月余，后因体弱休学一年。在这一年里，他第一次接触到科学的社会主义。钱学森爱好美术，在书店买了一本讲艺术史的书，不曾想这本书是一位匈牙利社会科学家用唯物史观的论点写的。他从未想到对艺术可以进行科学分析，所以对这一理论发生了莫大的兴趣。接着他读了普列汉诺夫的艺术论，布哈林的唯物论等书，又看7一些西洋哲学史，也看了胡适的《中国哲学史大纲》（上册）。读了这么多书，他感到只有唯物史观和辩证唯物主义才是有道理的，唯心主义等没有道理；经济学也是马克思的有道理，而资产阶级经济学那一套理论不能自圆其说。休学期满回到学校，钱学森开始接触到共产党的外围组织，参加过多次小型讨论会，从那里他知道了红军和解放区的存在。小组的领导人乔魁贤，是当时交大数学系的学生，小组还有许邦和、袁轶群和褚应璜。后来，乔魁贤被学校开除；钱学森和小组的联系也逐渐中断，仍埋头读书，每学期平均分数都超过90分，因而得到免交学费的奖励。在交通大学，好友有林津、熊大纪、郑世芬、罗沛霖、茅于恭等。假期在杭州，因与学音乐的表弟李元庆思想相投而常交往，从他那里略闻左翼文艺运动的情况。

书籍目录

Boundary Layer in Compressible Fluids
Supersonic Flow over an Inclined Body of Revolution
Problems in Motion of Compressible Fluids and Reaction Propulsion
Flight Analysis of a Sounding Rocket with Special Reference to
Propulsion by Suc
Two-Dimensional Subsonic Flow of Compressible Fluids  lttsue-shen"
The Buckling of Spherical Shells by External Pressure
The Influence of Curvature on the Buckling Characteristics of
Structures
A Method for Predicting the Compressibility Burble
The Buckling of Thin Cylindrical Shells under Axial Compression
Buckling of a Column with Non-Linear Lateral Supports
A Theory for the Buckling of Thin Shells
Heat Conduction across a Partially Insulated Wall
On the Design of the Contraction Cone for a Wind Tunnel
Symmetrical Joukowsky Airfoils in Shear Flow
The "Limiting Line" in Mixed Subsonic and Supersonic Flow of
Compressible Fluids
Loss in Compressor or Turbine due to Twisted Blades
Lifting-Line Theory for a Wing in Non-uniform Flow
Atomic Energy
Two-Dimensional Irrotational Mixed Subsonic and Supersonic Flow of
a Compressible
Superaerodynamics, Mechanics of Rarefied Gases  Hsue-shen Tsien
Propagation of Plane Sound Waves in Rarefied Gases
Similarity Laws of Hypersonic Flows
One-Dimensional Flows of a Gas Characterized by van der Waals
Equation of State
Flow Conditions near the Intersection of a Shock Wave with Solid
Boundary
Lower Buckling Load'in the Non-Linear Buckling Theory for Thin
Shells
Rockets and Other Thermal Jets Using Nuclear Energy 
Engineering and Engineering Sciences
On Two-Dimensional Non-steady Motion of a Slender Body in a
Compressible Fluid
Wimt-Tunnel Testing Problems in Superaerodynamics  Hsue-shen Tsien
Airfoils in Slightly Supersonic Flow  Hsue-shen Tsien and Judson R.
Baron
Interaction between Parallel Streams of Subsonic and Supersonic
Velocities
Research in Rocket and Jet Propulsion
A Generalization of Alfrey's Theorem for Visco-elastic Media
Instruction and Research at the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet
Propulsion
Influence of Flame Front on the Flow Field
Optimum Thrust Programming for a Sounding Rocket
The Emission of Radiation from Diatomie Gases. III. Numerical
Emissivity Calculations for Carbon Monoxide for Low Optical
Densities at 300 K and
   Atmospheric Pressure
The Transfer Functions of Rocket Nozzles
A Similarity Law for Stressing Rapidly Heated Thin-Walled Cylinders
On the Determination of Rotational Line Half-Widths of Diatomic
Molecules
Automatic Navigation of a Long Range Rocket Vehicle
A Method for Comparing the Performance of Power Plants for Vertical
Flight
Servo-Stabilization of Combustion in Rocket Motors
Physical Mechanics, A New Field in Engineering Science
The Properties of Pure Liquids
Similarity Laws for Stressing Heated Wings
Take-Off from Satellite Orbit
Analysis of Peak-Holding Optimalizing Control
The Poincar~-Lighthill-Kuo Method 
Thermodynamic Properties of Gas at High Temperatures and Pressures
Thermonuclear Power Plants
钱学森生平简介
后记
出版说明

章节摘录

版权页：插图：In the field of applied clasticity，one of the most perplexing problems is the prediction ofthe buckling load，or rather the failing load of a thin-walled structure with either simple ordouble curvature.Everyone who has contact with this subj ect wi l l notice the gap betweentheory and experimental results.The dmigner，however，has to proceed with his work regardless ofwhether or not the theory of elasticity can give him the correction solution of his problem.Hence，in this case he has tO resort to empirical relations determined by experimental methods.But such an empirical approach tO a complex subj ect without solid physical basis has its definitelimitations.Therefore，a correct picture of the interactions of the different factors which determinethe failing load and the mechanism of the failing process will be always useful to the designer.  In this paper the authors do not present a new theory，but certain considerations whichthey believe bring out the crucial point of the subject.In Section I，a comparison is madebetween the buckling of one dimensional and tWO dimensional structures with and withoutcurvature.Section II contains a critical examination of the discrepancies between the classicalbuckling theory of cylindrical shells and the experimental evidence together with a descriptionof various investigations which have been made to reveal the true character of the mechanism offailure.In SectionⅢ，the buckling phenomena observed in the laboratory for differcntstructures are discussed from the point of view developed in the previous sections.

编辑推荐

《钱学森文集(英文版):海外学术文献(1938～1956)》：科学是老老实实的学问，要发扬严肃认真、丝毫不苟的优良学风和勇于创造的精神。

用户评论 (总计3条)

•   给在美国学航空航天的哥哥买的，专业
•   It's very clear and comfortable to read.
•   内容没得说，赞一个！钱学森的学术论文，读起来是要花不少时间的。看看里面的数学符号，感觉当今国内的本科生与研究生恐怕是难以坐下来啃的，就算能坐下来啃，其数学与科学基础也不一定够格呢。向大师学习，才能找到正确的道理；坚持啃硬骨头，才能获得真正的本领！