语言共性和语言类型

出版时间：2009-1  出版社：北京大学出版社  作者：柯姆里  页数：264  
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内容概要

本书是当代语言类型学的第一部综合性导论著作，被广泛用作该学科的教科书，对当代语言类型学的发展起了极大的推动作用。本书区别于一般导论教科书的特点是并非面面俱到，而是对某些有趣的论题作较为深入的探讨，因此可读性比较强，并可以从中学到更多实质性的分析和研究思路。此外，由于本书举例丰富，也可以增强我国读者对语言多样性的认识，大大开阔视野。

书籍目录

导读Preface to the second edtionPreface to thefirst editionPrefacetOthe secondprinting1 LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS　1.1　APPROACHES TO LANGUAGE UNIVERSALs　　1.1.1 Ttoo major approaches 　 1.1.2 The data base　  1.1.3 Dqrees ofabstracmtss  1.2　CLAUIFICATION OF LANGUAGg UNIVERSALS　  1.2.1  Formal and substantive universals　  1.2.2  Implicational and non-implicational universals　  1.2.3  Absolute universals and tendencies  1.3　EXPLANATIONS FOR LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS　  1.3.1  Commongenetic origin　  1.3.2  External explanations  1.4　SUMMARY　Notes and references2　LANGUAGE TYPOLOGY  2.1 TYPOLOGY AND UNIVERSALS  2.2 TYlPIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS  2.3　MOP.PHOLOGICAL TYPOLOGY  2.4　SOME FURTHER TYPOLOGICAL PARAMETERS Notes and references3　THEORETICAL PREREQUISITES  3.1　SEMANTIC ROLES  3.2 PRAGMATIC ROLES  3.3　GRAMMATICAL RELATIONS  3.4　MORPHOLOGICAL CASES  3.5　ILLUSTRATION：ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN　CLAUSE STRUCTURE　Notes and references4　WORD ORDER  4.1　WORD ORDBR PARAMETERS  4.2　CORRELATIONS AMONG WORD ORDER PARAMETErs 　 4.2.1  Greenberg’s correlations 　 4.2.2  Generalizations of Greenberg's results 　 4.2.3  Critique ofthegeneralizations  4.3 THE VALUE OF WORD ORDER TYPOLOGY　Notes and references5　SUBJECT  5.1 THE PROBLEM  5.2　ON DEFINITIONS AND CATBGPRIES  5.3　ERGATIVITY  5.4　SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC FACTORS　Notes and references6　CASE MARKING  6.1 THE DISCRIMINATORY FUNCTION OF CASES  6.2  NATURAL INFORMATION FLOW IN THE　TRANSITIVE CONSTRUCTION 　 6.2.1 lnverseforms  　6.2.2 Differential marking of A and P  6.3　SUMMARY　Notes and references7　RELATIVE CLAUSES8  CAUSATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS9  ANIMACY10  TYPOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS11  CONCLUSIONS AND PROSPECTS

章节摘录

　　After a period when the frontiers of linguistic research seemed to be concerned primarily with the analysis of English syntax, the last decade has seen a remarkable upsurge of interest in problems of language universals and linguistic typology using data from a wide range of languages. Despite the vast amount of work that has been carried out within this framework, there has been, to date, no general introductory work that has attempted to synthesize the main characteristics of this approach for the student of linguistics, who has had to turn almost from the very beginning to specialist literature on individual topics in article form. This book aims to fill this gap, to provide the advanced undergraduate and graduate student with an overview of the major current approaches to language universals and typology, with illustrations of the successes of this method - and also warnings about some of the dangers.　　In a field where so much literature has arisen in a relatively short period, this book is necessarily very selective in the range of topics chosen, with preference for going into certain topics in depth rather than giving a superficial overview of the whole field. I have also restricted coverage, for the most part, to recent work on universals and typology, rather than try to give a historical account of earlier work in this area, although earlier work is mentioned, especially to the extent that it has not been subsumed by more recent research. Some of the selectivity necessarily reflects my own biases, towards those areas where I have worked myself or where I feel the most exciting results have been forthcoming. The book is concerned almost entirely with syntactic semantic universals, although on occasion phonological universals are also used as illustrative material. I believe that critical discussion of work in a few areas is more valuable than an unanimated listing, however comprehensive, of claims that have been made about universals and typology.

编辑推荐

　　《语言共性和语言类型》是当代语言类型学的第一部综合性导论著作，被广泛用作该学科的教科书，对当代语言类型学的发展起了极大的推动作用。

用户评论 (总计5条)

•   这是语言类型学的经典教材之一，国内原来华夏出版社出过沈家煊先生翻译的第一版中文版，这一次北大出版社把第二版的引进来影印出版真的功德无量啊，我原来只有去复印第二版英文原版的。希望中国国内能够多引进一些这样经典的著作，我们的学术要与世界接轨，这是必须的。也希望当当网上能多一些这样的书卖，而且便宜点，毕竟买这样的书的人一般都比较穷。
•   这书不用说了
  经典中的经典
  了解语言类型学必看的书目
  不看这本，你还看啥？
•   我还买了翻译本，对照着读，应该会很有收获！
•   对语言学理论从共性的角度加以诠释,很好的书
•   这本书是我在莱顿大学做访问学生的时候，莱顿语言学专业上课的教材当时在海外，买不起又借不到，只能每次都从blackboard上下载。经典的著作，受益匪浅。今次买到国内的翻版，可喜，终于可以盈握在手，价格又足可承受；不足的是，印刷的质量。字体小，字迹又不很清晰。恐怕是直接扫描印刷的结果。