出版时间:2005-1 出版社:高等教育出版社 作者:夏业良 编 页数:139
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内容概要
由主流经济学家来撰写标准经济学教科书,并且试图影响经济学界内外乃至整个社会,是经济学界由来已久的传统。由哈佛大学经济学教授N?格里高利?曼昆编写的经济学教科书系列是当今世界上最畅销的经济学基础教材,目前已经被翻译成多种语言文字,成为许多国家的大学经济学通用教材,并且被数以百万计的经济学教师、学生和其他读者所使用。它简洁明快、有趣的文字和层水分明的内在逻辑吸引了成千上万对经济学尚无任何了解的读者,成为最便捷和最实用的经济学入门教材。
作者简介
N.格里高利.曼((N.Gregory Mankiw),先后毕业于美国普林斯顿大学和麻省理工学院,目前是哈佛大学经济学教授和美国总统经济顾问委员会主席,讲授微观经济学、宏观经济学、统计学和经济学原理。曼昆教授是一位多产作者,经常参与学术性与政策性的争论。他的作品不但发表在
书籍目录
PART 1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 TEN PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS CHAPTER 2 THINKING LIKE AN ECONOMIST CHAPTER 3 INTERDEPENDENCE AND THE GAINS FROM TRADEPART 2 SUPPLY AND DEMANDI:HOW MARKETS WORK CHAPTER 4 THE MARKET FORCES OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND CHAPTER 5 ELASTICITY AND ITS APPLICATION CHAPTER 6 SUPPLY, DEMAND, AND GOVERNMENT POLICIESPART 3 SUPPLY AND DEMANDII:MARKETS AND WELFARE CHAPTER 7 CONSUMERS, PRODUCERS, AND THE EFFICIENCY OF MARKETS CHAPTER 8 APPLICATION: THE COSTS OF TAXATION CHAPTER 9 APPLICATION: INTERNATIONAL TRADEPART 4 THE ECONOMICS OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR CHAPTER 10 EXTERNALITIES CHAPTER 11 PUBLIC GOODS AND COMMON RESOURCES CHAPTER 12 THE DESIGN OF THE TAX SYSTEM PART 5 FIRM BEHAVIOR AND THE ORGANIZATION OF INDUSTRY CHAPTER 13 THE COSTS OF PRODUCTION CHAPTER 14 FIRMS IN COMPETITIVE MARKETS CHAPTER 17 MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION PART 6 THE ECONOMICS OF LABOR MARKETS CHAPTER 18 THE MARKETS FOR THE FACTORS OF PRODUCTION CHAPTER 19 EARNINGS AND DISCRIMINATION CHAPTER 20 INCOME INEQUALITY AND POVERTY CHAPTER 21 THE THEORY OF CONSUMER CHOICE CHAPTER 22 FRONTIERS OF MICROECONOMICS People Are Inconsistent over Time Conclusion Summary Key Concepts Questions for Review Problems and ApplicationsGlossary
章节摘录
版权页:插图:That is, people respond to incen-tives. When the price of an apple rises, for instance, people decide to eat morepears and fewer apples because the cost of buying an apple is higher. At the sametime, apple orchards decide to hire more workers and harvest more apples, be-cause the benefit of selling an apple is also higher. As we will see, the effect of priceon the behavior of buyers and sellers in a market——in this case, the market for ap-ples-is crucial for understanding how the economy works.Public policymakers should never forget about incentives, for many policieschange the costs or benefits that people face and, therefore, alter behavior. A tax ongasoline, for instance, encourages people to drive smaller, more fuel-efficient cars.It also encourages people to take public transportation rather than drive and tolive closer to where they work. If the tax were large enough, people would startdriving electric cars.When policymakers fail to consider how their policies affect incentives, they of-ten end up with results they did not intend. For example, consider public policyregarding auto safety. Today all cars have seat belts, but that was not true 50 yearsago. In the 1960s, Ralph Nader's book Unsafe at Any Speed generated much publicconcern over auto safety. Congress responded with laws requiring seat belts asstandard equipment on new cars. How does a seat belt law affect auto safety? The direct effect is obvious: When aperson wears a seat belt, the probability of surviving a major auto accident rises.But that's not the end of the story, for the law also affects behavior by altering in-centives. The relevant behavior here is the speed and care with which drivers op-erate their cars. Driving slowly and carefully is costly because it uses the driver'stime and energy. When deciding how safely to drive, rational people compare themarginal benefit from safer driving to the marginal cost. They drive more slowlyand carefully when the benefit of increased safety is high. It is no surprise, for in-stance, that people drive more slowly and carefully when roads are icy than whenroads are clear.Consider how a seat belt law alters a driver's cost-benefit calculation. Seat beltsmake accidents less costly because they reduce the likelihood of injury or death. Inother words, seat belts reduce the benefits to slow and careful driving. People re-spond to seat belts as they would to an improvement in road conditions——by fasterand less careful driving. The end result of a seat belt law, therefore, is a larger num-ber of accidents. The decline in safe driving has a clear, adverse impact on pedes-trians, who are more likely to find themselves in an accident but (unlike thedrivers) don't have the benefit of added protection.
编辑推荐
《微观经济学原理(曼昆经济学)》是普通高等教育“十一五”国家级规划教材和高等学校经济学类英文版教材之一。
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