光场中的原子分子及激光技术

出版时间：2012-4  出版社：科学出版社  作者：汪正民  页数：334  字数：442750  

内容概要

本书系统论述了原子多光子电离的相关理论基础和研究方法，详细讨论了用光电子成像装置测量光电子角分布来研究原子光电离的特征，重点讲述了如何在实验上获得电子云影像并由此确定原子光离化参数以及研究奇偶宇称跃迁过程的量子干涉。本书还以相当的篇幅介绍了原子激光光谱和分子红外多光子离解研究的某些专题，详细讨论了无多普勒展宽高分辨激光光谱学的基本原理与研究方法。光学与激光技术方面的内容包括激光测距、风洞流场全息干涉测量以及法布里-珀罗干涉仪（标准具）在光波长与光谱线宽测量、激光纵模选择等方面的原理及应用。最后一章介绍在光学层析成像领域的最新研究成果。并详细阐述了基于激光二维扫描系统和CCD照相机的非接触光学层析成像实验装置及其在光学漫射层析成像和光学荧光层析成像中的应用。
本书读者范围包括从事原子分子物理、激光光学、光物理、光化学和光学层析成像研究的广大科技工作者，以及相关专业的大学教师、研究生与大学生。

作者简介

汪正民 美国普渡大学物理学哲学博士。主要在以下大学和研究机构学习、从事教学与研究工作：南京大学、中国科学技术大学、中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所、美国埃姆斯国家实验室（Ames Laboratory）、普渡大学（Purdue University）、宾夕法尼亚大学（University of Pennsylvania）。

书籍目录

序Preface前言Introduction第1章 原子多光子电离Multiphoton Ionization of Atoms1.1 引言Introduction1.2 原子多光子电离与光电子角分布Multiphoton ionization of atoms and photoelectron angular distributions1.2.1 历史回顾Historical overview1.2.2 多光子电离的基本概念Basic concept of multiphoton ionization of atoms1.2.3 铷原子的光电离通道Ionization channels of rubidium1.2.4 线偏振光双光子电离与光电子角分布的传统测量Two-photon ionization by linearly-polarized light and traditional measurement of PAD1.2.5 原子参数对光电子角分布的影响The influence of the atomic parameters on the angular distributions1.2.6 任意偏振光双光子电离光电子角分布理论Theory of PAD in two-photon ionization with arbitrarily-polarized light1.3 光电子成像实验Photoelectron imaging experiments1.3.1 光学系统Optical system1.3.2 光电子成像系统Photoelectron imaging system1.3.3 真空系统与原子束的产生The vacuum system and generation of atomic beam1.3.4 地球磁场的影响及消除The influence of the earth's magnetic field and its cancellation1.4 铷原子双光子电离的完全测量Complete measurements of two-photon ionization in atomic rubidium1.4.1 历史背景Historical background1.4.2 数据采集及光电子角分布(电子云)影像的形成Data acquisition and the formation of PAD images1.4.3 原子光电离参数的确定Determination of atomic parameters1.5 本章小结Conclusions参考文献References第2章 双通道光电离及量子干涉测量Quantum Interference Measurements between Two Photo-ionization Processes2.1 量子干涉的基本概念及历史回顾Basic concept of quantum interference and historical overview2.2 光电子角分布的相位控制Phase control over the angular distribution of photoelectrons2.3 实验方法Experiment2.3.1 双色激光场实验装置及调整Experimental set-up and adjustment of two color laser field2.3.2 相位延迟盒The phase delay cell2.3.3 紫外与可见光相位差的测量Measurement of the phase difference between the UV and visible fields2.3.4 实验条件与实验程序Conditions and procedure of experiments2.3.5 紫外与可见光束相干匹配条件The interference matching conditions of UV and visible beams2.4 量子干涉测量与奇偶宇称连续波相位差的测定Determination of the phase difference between even and odd continuum wave functions through quantum interference measurements2.4.1 铷原子在相互垂直偏振的双色激光场光电离过程中光电子角分布PAD by ionizing the rubidium atoms with perpendicularly-polarized two-color laser field2.4.2 单光子跃迁矩之比R1/2=R3/2 的测定Determination of the ratio of one-photon transition moments R1/2=R3/22.4.3 p波和d波相位差的测定Determination of phase difference between p- and d-continuum waves2.4.4 铷原子在相互平行偏振的双色激光场光电离过程中光电子角分布PAD by ionizing the rubidium atoms with parallel-polarized two-color laser field2.5 本章小结Conclusions参考文献References第3章 激光光谱学的几个专题Selected Topics on Laser Spectroscopy3.1 用于激光光谱研究的一种高温炉A high temperature oven for laser spectroscopy3.1.1 引言Introduction3.1.2 实验方法Experiment3.1.3 铥的超精细分裂研究Study of hyperfine splitting of Tm3.2 高分辨激光光谱在监测汽相金属中的应用Application of high-resolution laser spectroscopy to the monitoring of vapor-phase metals3.2.1 引言Introduction3.2.2 原子束装置Atomic beam apparatus3.2.3 原子的荧光激发谱Fluorescence excitation spectra of atoms3.2.4 激光原子吸收光谱Laser atomic absorption spectroscopy3.2.5 钐、钆、铥、钇的饱和吸收光谱Saturation spectroscopy of Sm, Tm, Gd and Y3.3 分子的红外多光子光热吸收测量The optothermal measurement of infrared multiphoton absorption of molecules3.3.1 实验方法Experiment3.3.2 CF3CDCF2分子多光子吸收峰的分裂与红移Splitting and red shift of absorption spectrum of CF3CDCF23.4 紫外共振拉曼光谱Ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy3.4.1 基本概念及历史背景Basic concept and historical background3.4.2 在217~400nm区间连续可调紫外共振拉曼光谱仪A tunable UV resonance Raman spectrometer for 217~400nm spectral region3.4.3 几种溶液的共振拉曼谱Raman spectra of different type of solutions3.5 无多普勒展宽高分辨激光光谱Doppler-free high resolution laser spectroscopy3.5.1 光谱线的自然宽度Natural linewidth of spectral lines3.5.2 光谱线的多普勒展宽Doppler broadening of spectral lines3.5.3 饱和吸收光谱Saturation spectroscopy3.5.4 偏振光谱Polarization spectroscopy3.5.5 双光子吸收光谱Two-photon absorption spectroscopy参考文献References第4章 分子的红外多光子离解Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation of Molecules4.1 电子激发态C2自由基Electronically excited C2 radicals4.1.1 电子激发态C2自由基的形成Formation of electronically excited C2 radicals4.1.2 C*2d3∏g态的形成机制Mechanism of formation of C*2d3∏g state4.2 多光子离解过程中分子内的V-V能量转移V-V energy transfer in multiphoton dissociation process4.2.1 氟里昂113分子内的V-V能量转移V-V energy transfer of Freon 113 molecules4.2.2 氟里昂123分子内的V-V能量转移V-V energy transfer of Freon 123 molecules4.3 激光化学合成CI4晶体Chemical synthesis of crystal grain CI44.4 在强红外激光场中分子的非统计离解行为Nonstatistical dissociation behavior of molecules in intense IR field4.4.1 实验方法Experiment4.4.2 产物的质谱分析Mass spectra of photoproducts4.5 激光分离13C同位素Laser isotope separation of 13C4.5.1 实验方法Experiment4.5.2 13C同位素浓缩系数和产率Enrichment factor and yield of 13C参考文献References第5章 光学与激光技术Optics and Laser Technology5.1 脉冲激光测距仪Pulsed laser rangefinder5.1.1 脉冲激光测距原理Principle of pulsed laser rangefinder5.1.2 激光无标尺地形仪Laser rangefinder theodolite5.1.3 光学系统Optical system5.1.4 三光轴调整Adjustment of optical axis5.1.5 测距精度分析Accuracy analysis of distance measurement5.2 脉冲激光全息术Pulsed laser holography5.2.1 全息摄影的基本原理Basic principle of holography5.2.2 全息干涉计量术Holographic interferometry5.2.3 风洞流场全息干涉测量Interferometry of flow fields in wind tunnel5.2.4 流场的有限条纹与无限条纹干涉图Finite and infinite interferogram of the flow field5.3 法布里-珀罗干涉仪The Fabry-Perot interferometer5.3.1 干涉环的形成与自由光谱区Fringes and free spectrum range5.3.2 艾里函数与条纹精细度Airy function and finesse5.3.3 干涉仪平板间距的确定Determination of plate separation5.3.4 光波长及光谱线宽测量Measurements of wavelength and line width5.3.5 双标准具选模Mode selection with double etalon5.4 拉曼-奈斯驻波声光调制器Standing wave Raman-Nath acousto-optic modulator5.4.1 零级光束调制度的计算与测量Calculation and measurement of zero-order modulation degree5.4.2 匹配网络的优化Optimization of matching network5.4.3 等效阻抗的分析Analysis of equivalent impedance5.5 光场偏振态的描述及操控Polarization of optical field and its control5.5.1 偏振态的描述Description of the state of polarization5.5.2 波片与菲涅耳棱镜Wave plate and Fresnel's rhomb5.5.3 偏振态的控制Control of the state of polarization参考文献References第6章 非接触光学层析成像Non-contact Optical Tomography6.1 实验装置及其应用Experimental apparatus and its applications6.1.1 系统设计System design6.1.2 系统性能评估System performance evaluation6.1.3 光学漫射层析成像Optical diffuse tomography6.1.4 光学荧光层析成像Fluorescent optical tomography6.2 大数据组光学漫射层析成像影像重构方法的实验验证Experimental demonstration of an analytic method for image reconstruction in optical diffusion tomography with large data sets6.3 大数据组荧光光学层析成像Fluorescent optical tomography with large data sets参考文献References附录AppendixA 通过偏振器产生的椭圆偏振光强度表达式Pt=P0(|ε1|2sin2δ+|ε3|2cos2δ)的推导Derivation of the expression for the intensity of elliptically-polarized light passing through a polarizer Pt=P0(|ε1|2sin2δ+|ε3|2cos2δ)B 椭圆偏振光椭率参数|ε1|和|ε3|的确定Determination of the polarization parameters |ε1| and |ε3| of ellipticity for elliptically-polarized lightC s-,p-和d-分波间库仑相位差的推导Derivation of Coulomb phase differences between s-,p- and d- partial wavesD 量子亏损相位差的推导Derivation of quantum defect phase differencesE CO2激光分子能级图与输出光谱线Energy level diagram of low-lying states of CO2 and laser wavelengthF 拉曼-奈斯声光调制器M0-η0理论曲线的绘制说明Explanation of M0-η0 curve drawing of Raman-Nath acousto-optic modulatorG AJG75-1型激光无标尺地形仪测图报告及其在黄山索道工程中的应用Scale map surveying report on AJG75-1 laser rangefinder theodolite and its application主要名词术语英汉对照表English and Chinese glossary